Dursun Adile Berna, Kurt Ozlem Kar, Bayiz Hulya, Ozkan Emre, Cakaloglu Aslihan, Karasoy Durdu
1Division of Immunology and Allergic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
Chron Respir Dis. 2014 May;11(2):83-7. doi: 10.1177/1479972314527468. Epub 2014 Mar 21.
Several studies have shown gender differences in prevalence of asthma but there is little information about asthma control. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of gender on asthma control in adult asthmatics. Medical records of 242 patients older than 18 years of age who regularly visited the allergy unit were evaluated. Standardized asthma questionnaires like the asthma control test (ACT) were performed. ACT scores, clinical characteristics, and demographic data such as smoking status, education, duration and severity of asthma, atopic status, family history of asthma, analgesic hypersensitivity, number of emergency visits, and hospitalization in the previous year were compared based on gender. In this study, 77.3% of the patients were female. Mean age, body mass index, and duration of asthma were 39.0 ± 0.7, 27.3 ± 0.3, and 6.6 ± 0.4 years, respectively. Of the total, 14.9% of the patients were smokers. Also, 55.8% of them were graduated from middle school, 22.7% from high school, and 14% from university. Atopy rate was 57%. Analgesic hypersensitivity was found in 18.6% of them. There was 30.2% family history of asthma. The asthma severity was mild in 45.5%, moderate in 40.9%, and severe in 13.6% of the patients. One-third of the patients were admitted to emergency room; 1/10th were hospitalized due to asthma in the previous year. ACT scores indicated complete control in 67.8%, partial control in 17.8%, and uncontrolled asthma in 14.5%. Comparing the results of males with females having asthma, there was no statistically significant difference between the two gender according to ACT scores and clinical characteristics. Finally, the results conclude that there was no effect of gender on asthma control assessed with standardized questionnaire in adult asthmatics.
多项研究表明哮喘患病率存在性别差异，但关于哮喘控制的信息却很少。在本研究中，我们旨在评估性别对成年哮喘患者哮喘控制的影响。对242名年龄超过18岁且定期到过敏科就诊患者的病历进行了评估。采用了标准化的哮喘问卷，如哮喘控制测试（ACT）。基于性别比较了ACT评分、临床特征以及人口统计学数据，如吸烟状况、教育程度、哮喘病程和严重程度、特应性状态、哮喘家族史、镇痛药超敏反应、急诊就诊次数以及上一年的住院情况。在本研究中，77.3%的患者为女性。平均年龄、体重指数和哮喘病程分别为39.0±0.7岁、27.3±0.3和6.6±0.4年。总体而言，14.9%的患者吸烟。此外，55.8%的患者中学毕业，22.7%高中毕业，14%大学毕业。特应性率为57%。18.6%的患者存在镇痛药超敏反应。有30.2%的患者有哮喘家族史。45.5%的患者哮喘严重程度为轻度，40.9%为中度，13.6%为重度。三分之一的患者曾入住急诊室；上一年有十分之一因哮喘住院。ACT评分显示67.8%的患者完全控制，17.8%部分控制，14.5%哮喘未控制。比较男性和女性哮喘患者的结果，根据ACT评分和临床特征，两性之间无统计学显著差异。最后，结果表明在成年哮喘患者中，性别对采用标准化问卷评估的哮喘控制没有影响。
