Ghafoori Bita, Barragan Belen, Palinkas Lawrence
Department of Advanced Studies in Education and Counseling, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, California, USA.
School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
J Aggress Maltreat Trauma. 2013;22(9):950-963. doi: 10.1080/10926771.2013.835016.
Women who experience traumatic events are at higher risk for mental health problems compared to men; however, gaps remain in our understanding of this disparity. A sample of 170 urban adults completed self-report measures. Women were significantly more likely to experience sexual assault and domestic violence compared to men, and they were significantly less likely to experience a robbery or mugging, being threatened with a weapon, or witnessing a death or assault compared to men. Also, women were more likely than men to meet criteria for probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression after controlling for covariates and trauma level. Our findings suggest a possible differential vulnerability to the development of PTSD and depressive symptoms in women.
与男性相比，经历创伤性事件的女性出现心理健康问题的风险更高；然而，我们对这种差异的理解仍存在差距。170名城市成年人参与了自我报告测量。与男性相比，女性遭受性侵犯和家庭暴力的可能性显著更高，而遭受抢劫或抢夺、被武器威胁或目睹死亡或袭击的可能性则显著低于男性。此外，在控制协变量和创伤程度后，女性比男性更有可能符合创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和抑郁症的诊断标准。我们的研究结果表明，女性在PTSD和抑郁症状发展方面可能存在不同的易感性。
