Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Russia.
Dose Response. 2013 Jul 25;12(1):121-35. doi: 10.2203/dose-response.13-017.Erofeeva. eCollection 2014 Jan.
Chlorophyll and carotenoid content (ChCar), lipid peroxidation (LP) and growth parameters (GP) in plants are often used for environmental pollution estimation. However, the nonmonotonic dose-response dependences (hormesis and paradoxical effects) of these indices are insufficiently explored following exposure to different pollutants. In this experiment, we studied nonmonotonic changes in ChCar, LP, GP in wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L.) upon exposure to lead, cadmium, copper, manganese, formaldehyde, the herbicide glyphosate, and sodium chloride in a wide range from sublethal concentration to 10(2)-10(5) times lower concentrations. 85.7% of dose-response dependences were nonmonotonic (of these, 5.5% were hormesis and paradoxical effects comprised 94.5%). Multiphasic dependences were the most widespread type of paradoxical effect. Hormesis was a part of some multiphasic responses (i.e. paradoxical effects), which indicates a relationship between these phenomena. Sublethal pollutant concentrations significantly increased LP (to 2.0-2.4 times, except for manganese and glyphosate) and decreased GP (to 2.1-36.6 times, except for glyphosate), while ChCar was reduced insignificantly, normalized or even increased. Lower pollutant concentrations caused a moderate deviation in all parameters from the control (not more than 62%) for hormesis and paradoxical effects. The seedling parameters could have different types of nonmonotonic responses upon exposure to the same pollutant.
叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量（ChCar）、脂质过氧化（LP）和植物生长参数（GP）通常用于环境污染评估。然而，这些指标在暴露于不同污染物后，其非单调剂量-反应关系（兴奋效应和矛盾效应）尚未得到充分研究。在这项实验中，我们研究了小麦幼苗（Triticum aestivum L.）在暴露于铅、镉、铜、锰、甲醛、除草剂草甘膦和氯化钠等不同污染物时，ChCar、LP、GP 的非单调变化，暴露浓度范围从亚致死浓度到低浓度 10(2)-10(5)倍。85.7%的剂量-反应关系是非单调的（其中 5.5%为兴奋效应和矛盾效应，占 94.5%）。多相依赖性是最广泛的矛盾效应类型。兴奋效应是一些多相反应（即矛盾效应）的一部分，这表明这两种现象之间存在关系。亚致死污染物浓度显著增加了 LP（增加 2.0-2.4 倍，除锰和草甘膦外），降低了 GP（降低 2.1-36.6 倍，除草甘膦外），而 ChCar 则显著减少、归一化甚至增加。对于兴奋效应和矛盾效应，较低的污染物浓度导致所有参数相对于对照的中度偏差（不超过 62%）。暴露于相同污染物时，幼苗参数可能具有不同类型的非单调反应。
