Grigsby Timothy J, Kent Erin E, Montoya Michael J, Sender Leonard S, Morris Rebecca A, Ziogas Argyrios, Anton-Culver Hoda
Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California.
Outcomes Research Branch, Applied Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Science, National Cancer Institute , Bethesda, Maryland.
J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol. 2014 Mar 1;3(1):20-27. doi: 10.1089/jayao.2013.0030.
Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 15-39 at diagnosis have very low cancer clinical trial accrual rates. To date, no studies have examined attitudes toward clinical trial participation in this age range to determine if certain individuals are less likely to enroll if offered participation. The current study assessed attitudes toward participation using the Cancer Treatment Subscale of the Attitudes toward Cancer Trials Scales. Data were collected from a sample of leukemia and lymphoma survivors (=99) and a healthy college student sample (=397). Following a principal components analysis, two subscales-Personal Barriers/Safety and Personal Benefits-were retained for analysis. In the cancer survivor group, only 14 (13.3%) reported being offered participation in a cancer clinical trial, and only 8 of those 14 (7.6% of survivors) participated. Responses from leukemia and lymphoma survivors revealed no significant relationships between age, gender, race/ethnicity, clinical trial participation, insurance status, or social class with Personal Benefits or Personal Barriers/Safety. Healthy college females had more negative Personal Barriers/Safety attitudes compared to males after adjusting for race/ethnicity and social class (=0.01), but no associations were present when examining Personal Benefits as an outcome. This preliminary investigation suggests that drivers of attitudes toward clinical trial participation in AYAs are not well understood and may impact cancer trial participation. Future work should focus on defining attitudes toward cancer clinical trials in the AYA population and developing interventions to increase awareness, knowledge, and positive attitudes toward participating in cancer research.
确诊时年龄在15 - 39岁的青少年及青年（AYAs）参加癌症临床试验的比例非常低。迄今为止，尚无研究调查过这个年龄组对参与临床试验的态度，以确定是否有某些个体在获得参与机会时不太可能登记参加。本研究使用癌症试验态度量表中的癌症治疗分量表评估了对参与的态度。数据收集自白血病和淋巴瘤幸存者样本（=99）以及健康大学生样本（=397）。经过主成分分析，保留了两个分量表——个人障碍/安全性和个人益处——用于分析。在癌症幸存者组中，只有14人（13.3%）报告曾被提供参与癌症临床试验的机会，其中只有8人（占幸存者的7.6%）参与了。白血病和淋巴瘤幸存者的回答显示，年龄、性别、种族/族裔、临床试验参与情况、保险状况或社会阶层与个人益处或个人障碍/安全性之间没有显著关系。在调整了种族/族裔和社会阶层后（=0.01），健康的大学女生相比男生对个人障碍/安全性的态度更消极，但在将个人益处作为结果进行考察时，未发现有相关性。这项初步调查表明，对于青少年及青年参与临床试验的态度驱动因素尚未得到充分理解，可能会影响癌症试验的参与情况。未来的工作应聚焦于明确青少年及青年人群对癌症临床试验的态度，并制定干预措施以提高对参与癌症研究的认识、知识和积极态度。
