发育中和成年大脑中的睡眠与突触可塑性
Sleep and synaptic plasticity in the developing and adult brain.
作者信息
Frank Marcos G
机构信息
Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 215 Stemmler Hall, 35th and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6074, USA,
出版信息
Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2015;25:123-49. doi: 10.1007/7854_2014_305.
Sleep is hypothesized to play an integral role in brain plasticity. This has traditionally been investigated using behavioral assays. In the last 10-15 years, studies combining sleep measurements with in vitro and in vivo models of synaptic plasticity have provided exciting new insights into how sleep alters synaptic strength. In addition, new theories have been proposed that integrate older ideas about sleep function and recent discoveries in the field of synaptic plasticity. There remain, however, important challenges and unanswered questions. For example, sleep does not appear to have a single effect on synaptic strength. An unbiased review of the literature indicates that the effects of sleep vary widely depending on ontogenetic stage, the type of waking experience (or stimulation protocols) that precede sleep and the type of neuronal synapse under examination. In this review, I discuss these key findings in the context of current theories that posit different roles for sleep in synaptic plasticity.
据推测，睡眠在大脑可塑性中起着不可或缺的作用。传统上，人们通过行为分析对此进行研究。在过去的10到15年里，将睡眠测量与突触可塑性的体外和体内模型相结合的研究，为睡眠如何改变突触强度提供了令人兴奋的新见解。此外，还提出了新的理论，这些理论整合了关于睡眠功能的旧观点和突触可塑性领域的最新发现。然而，仍然存在重要的挑战和未解决的问题。例如，睡眠似乎对突触强度没有单一的影响。对文献的无偏见综述表明，睡眠的影响因个体发育阶段、睡眠前的清醒体验（或刺激方案）类型以及所检查的神经元突触类型而异。在这篇综述中，我将在当前认为睡眠在突触可塑性中具有不同作用的理论背景下讨论这些关键发现。
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