Kühnisch Jan, Mach Daniela, Thiering Elisabeth, Brockow Inken, Hoffmann Ute, Neumann Claudia, Heinrich-Weltzien Roswitha, Bauer Carl-Peter, Berdel Dietrich, von Berg Andrea, Koletzko Sybille, Garcia-Godoy Franklin, Hickel Reinhard, Heinrich Joachim
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Swiss Dent J. 2014;124(3):286-93. doi: 10.61872/sdj-2014-03-01.
The objective of our study was to evaluate the association of molar-incisor hypomineralizations (MIHs) with prospectively collected potential causative factors from the first 4 years of life, e.g. respiratory diseases, breastfeeding, maternal smoking and parental education. A total of 692 children (10 years old) from the GINI birth cohort study participated. The dental examination included the registration of enamel hypomineralizations (EHs) according to the EAPD criteria. Children with EH were sub-categorized into those with at least one EH (MIH/1), those with a minimum of one EH on at least one first permanent molar (MIH/2) and those with EH on at least one first permanent molar and a permanent incisor (MIH/3). All relationships between causative factors and caries or MIH were evaluated using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses. EHs were observed in 37.9% (MIH/1), 14.7% (MIH/2) and 9.2% (MIH/3) of all subjects. After adjustment for confounding factors, 10-year-old children with at least one episode of respiratory disease had a significantly higher risk (2.48 times, adjusted OR) for the development of MIH/3. In case of breastfeeding, a non-significant association was observed. None of the tested factors was associated with either MIH/1 or MIH/2. Early respiratory diseases seem to be directly or indirectly related to MIH/3 only. The role of (systemic) medications used for treatment of these diseases needs to be investigated in future studies.
我们研究的目的是评估第一恒磨牙-切牙矿化不全（MIH）与前瞻性收集的儿童出生后前4年潜在致病因素之间的关联，例如呼吸系统疾病、母乳喂养、母亲吸烟和父母教育程度。共有692名来自GINI出生队列研究的10岁儿童参与。牙科检查包括根据欧洲儿科牙科学会（EAPD）标准记录釉质矿化不全（EH）情况。患有EH的儿童被进一步分为至少有一处EH的儿童（MIH/1）、至少一颗第一恒磨牙有至少一处EH的儿童（MIH/2）以及至少一颗第一恒磨牙和一颗恒切牙有EH的儿童（MIH/3）。使用简单和多元逻辑回归分析评估致病因素与龋齿或MIH之间的所有关系。在所有受试者中，观察到EH的比例分别为37.9%（MIH/1）、14.7%（MIH/2）和9.2%（MIH/3）。在对混杂因素进行调整后，至少有一次呼吸系统疾病发作的10岁儿童发生MIH/3的风险显著更高（调整后的优势比为2.48倍）。对于母乳喂养，观察到的关联不显著。所测试的因素均与MIH/1或MIH/2无关。早期呼吸系统疾病似乎仅与MIH/3直接或间接相关。治疗这些疾病所用（全身性）药物的作用需要在未来研究中进行调查。
