Department of Parasitology, Veterinary School, Aristotelian University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Orthopeadics Division, University of Perugia, Italy.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2014 Jan-Mar;27(1):15-9. doi: 10.1177/039463201402700103.
Neuropeptides are involved in neurogenic inflammation where there is vasodilation and plasma protein extravasion in response to this stimulus. Nerve growth factor (NGF), identified by Rita Levi Montalcini, is a neurotrophin family compound which is important for survival of nociceptive neurons during their development. Therefore, NGF is an important neuropeptide which mediates the development and functions of the central and peripheral nervous system. It also exerts its proinflammatory action, not only on mast cells but also in B and T cells, neutrophils and eosinophils. Human mast cells can be activated by neuropeptides to release potent mediators of inflammation, and they are found throughout the body, especially near blood vessels, epithelial tissue and nerves. Mast cells generate and release NGF after degranulation and they are involved in iperalgesia, neuroimmune interactions and tissue inflammation. NGF is also a potent degranulation factor for mast cells in vitro and in vivo, promoting differentiation and maturation of these cells and their precursor, acting as a co-factor with interleukin-3. In conclusion, these studies are focused on cross-talk between neuropeptide NGF and inflammatory mast cells.
神经肽参与神经源性炎症，在此过程中会发生血管扩张和血浆蛋白渗出。神经营养因子（NGF）是 Rita Levi Montalcini 鉴定的一种神经营养因子家族化合物，对于伤害感受神经元在发育过程中的存活很重要。因此，NGF 是一种重要的神经肽，介导中枢和外周神经系统的发育和功能。它还发挥其前炎症作用，不仅对肥大细胞，而且对 B 和 T 细胞、中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞也是如此。神经肽可激活人肥大细胞释放强效炎症介质，它们存在于全身，特别是在血管、上皮组织和神经附近。肥大细胞在脱颗粒后产生和释放 NGF，它们参与痛觉过敏、神经免疫相互作用和组织炎症。NGF 也是体外和体内肥大细胞脱颗粒的有效因子，促进这些细胞及其前体细胞的分化和成熟，与白细胞介素-3 一起作为辅助因子发挥作用。总之，这些研究集中在神经肽 NGF 与炎症性肥大细胞之间的串扰上。
