Huang Tian-bao, Guo Zhui-feng, Zhang Xiao-long, Zhang Xiao-peng, Liu Huan, Geng Jiang, Yao Xu-dong, Zheng Jun-hua
Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
Int Urol Nephrol. 2014 Aug;46(8):1481-93. doi: 10.1007/s11255-014-0699-9. Epub 2014 Mar 28.
Controversial results were reported among several epidemiologic studies on the relationship between coffee consumption and urologic cancer risk. We, therefore, conducted this meta-analysis to clarify these associations.
Electronic databases including Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane library were searched between January 1966 and August 2013 for eligible studies. Pooled relative risk (RR) and its 95 % confidence interval (CI) were calculated. All P values are two tailed.
Thirteen cohorts were eligible for inclusion. As to prostate cancer (PCa), significant reverse association was found among highest versus none/lowest analysis with acceptable heterogeneity (RR 0.86, 95 % CI 0.79-0.95; I(2) 25 %, P value for heterogeneity: 0.221). A pooled RR which assessed advanced PCa was 0.73 (with 95 % CI 0.50-1.07), and a slight stronger reverse association was found in fatal PCa. However, a slight insignificant reverse association, basing on 8 studies with 9 outcomes, was found in dose-response analysis (RR 0.98, 95 % CI 0.93-1.03). For kidney and bladder cancer, insignificant associations were found in both highest versus none/lowest analyses and dose-response analyses.
Our findings suggest that coffee consumption may reduce the risk of PCa. No associations were found with both bladder and kidney cancer. Further well-designed large-scaled cohort studies are warranted to provide more definitive conclusions.
多项关于咖啡消费与泌尿系统癌症风险之间关系的流行病学研究报告结果存在争议。因此，我们进行了这项荟萃分析以阐明这些关联。
检索1966年1月至2013年8月期间包括Pubmed、Embase和Cochrane图书馆在内的电子数据库，以查找符合条件的研究。计算合并相对风险（RR）及其95%置信区间（CI）。所有P值均为双侧。
13个队列符合纳入标准。对于前列腺癌（PCa），在最高摄入量与无/最低摄入量分析中发现显著的反向关联，异质性可接受（RR 0.86，95% CI 0.79 - 0.95；I² 25%，异质性P值：0.221）。评估晚期PCa的合并RR为0.73（95% CI 0.50 - 1.07），在致命性PCa中发现稍强的反向关联。然而，基于8项研究9个结果的剂量反应分析中发现轻微的不显著反向关联（RR 0.98，95% CI 0.93 - 1.03）。对于肾癌和膀胱癌，在最高摄入量与无/最低摄入量分析以及剂量反应分析中均未发现显著关联。
我们的研究结果表明，饮用咖啡可能降低PCa风险。未发现与膀胱癌和肾癌存在关联。有必要进行进一步精心设计的大规模队列研究以提供更明确的结论。
