Grifoni Martina, Schiavon Michela, Pezzarossa Beatrice, Petruzzelli Gianniantonio, Malagoli Mario
Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animal and Environment, University of Padova, Agripolis-Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Feb;22(4):2423-33. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-2811-1. Epub 2014 Mar 28.
Arsenic (As) is recognized as a toxic pollutant in soils of many countries. Since phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) can influence arsenic mobility and bioavailability, as well as the plant tolerance to As, phytoremediation techniques employed to clean-up As-contaminated areas should consider the interaction between As and these two nutrients. In this study, the bioavailability and accumulation of arsenate in the species Brassica juncea were compared between soil system and hydroponics in relation to P and S concentration of the growth substrate. In one case, plants were grown in pots filled with soil containing 878 mg As kg(-1). The addition of P to soil resulted in increased As desorption and significantly higher As accumulation in plants, with no effect on growth. The absence of toxic effects on plants was likely due to high S in soil, which could efficiently mitigate metal toxicity. In the hydroponic experiment, plants were grown with different combinations of As (0 or 100 μM) and P (56 or 112 μM). S at 400 μM was also added to the nutrient solution of control (-As) and As-treated plants, either individually or in combination with P. The addition of P reduced As uptake by plants, while high S resulted in higher As accumulation and lower P content. These results suggest that S can influence the interaction between P and As for the uptake by plants. The combined increase of P and S in the nutrient solution did not lead to higher accumulation of As, but enhanced As translocation from the root to the shoot. This aspect is of relevance for the phytoremediation of As-contaminated sites.
砷（As）在许多国家的土壤中被视为有毒污染物。由于磷（P）和硫（S）会影响砷的迁移性和生物有效性，以及植物对砷的耐受性，因此用于清理受砷污染区域的植物修复技术应考虑砷与这两种养分之间的相互作用。在本研究中，比较了土壤系统和水培条件下芥菜型油菜中砷酸盐的生物有效性和积累情况，这与生长基质中的磷和硫浓度有关。在一种情况下，植物种植在装有含878毫克砷/千克土壤的花盆中。向土壤中添加磷导致砷的解吸增加，植物中砷的积累显著更高，但对生长没有影响。对植物没有毒性作用可能是由于土壤中硫含量高，它可以有效减轻金属毒性。在水培实验中，植物在不同组合的砷（0或100微摩尔）和磷（56或112微摩尔）条件下生长。在对照（-As）和砷处理植物的营养液中单独或与磷组合添加400微摩尔的硫。添加磷会减少植物对砷的吸收，而高硫会导致砷积累增加和磷含量降低。这些结果表明，硫可以影响磷和砷之间对植物吸收的相互作用。营养液中磷和硫的共同增加并没有导致砷的更高积累，但增强了砷从根部向地上部的转运。这一方面与受砷污染场地的植物修复有关。
