Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Lurie Building Room 3-250, 303 East Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, NMH/Arkes Family Pavilion Suite 650, 676 North Saint Clair, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Surg Clin North Am. 2014 Apr;94(2):455-70. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2014.01.005. Epub 2014 Feb 18.
Acute cholecystitis is defined as inflammation of the gallbladder and is usually caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. Cholescintigraphy is the most sensitive imaging modality for cholecystitis. The gold standard treatment of acute cholecystitis is laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Operating early in the disease course decreases overall hospital stay and avoids increased complications, conversion to open procedures, and mortality. Cholecystitis during pregnancy is a challenging problem for surgeons. Operative intervention is generally safe for both mother and fetus, given the improved morbidity of the laparoscopic approach compared with open, although increased caution should be exercised in women with gallstone pancreatitis.
急性胆囊炎是指胆囊的炎症，通常由胆囊管阻塞引起。胆闪烁扫描术是胆囊炎最敏感的影像学检查方法。急性胆囊炎的金标准治疗方法是腹腔镜胆囊切除术。在疾病早期进行手术可以缩短总住院时间，并避免并发症增加、转为开放性手术和死亡率增加。妊娠合并胆囊炎是外科医生面临的一个难题。鉴于与开放性手术相比，腹腔镜方法的发病率有所改善，手术干预对母亲和胎儿通常都是安全的，尽管对于患有胆石性胰腺炎的女性应更加谨慎。
