Collantes-Fernández Esther, Mendoza-Ibarra Jesús Alberto, Pedraza-Díaz Susana, Rojo-Montejo Silvia, Navarro-Lozano Vanesa, Sánchez-Sánchez Roberto, Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria Jose Antonio, Ortega-Mora Luis Miguel, Osoro Koldo
Saluvet, Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Saluvet, Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Vet J. 2014 Apr;200(1):140-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.02.003. Epub 2014 Feb 25.
Bovine trichomonosis (BT) is a sexually transmitted disease that is considered a cause of early reproductive failure in cattle under extensive management conditions. Recently, Tritrichomonas foetus was detected in 41.5% of herds from one representative beef cattle breed (Asturiana de la Montaña; AM) reared in traditional mountain systems in Spain. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of BT on reproductive performance and the economic consequences in AM herds. The benefits of a control program based on testing and culling infected bulls were also studied by comparing T. foetus prevalence and reproductive data before and after the implementation of the control measures. In infected herds, T. foetus infection increased calving intervals by 79 days (P<0.0001) and resulted in a higher percentage of cows-not-in calf (36% vs. 19%; P<0.001). An economic analysis showed that BT could reduce income by 68.7% in AM herds. The implementation of the control program decreased calving intervals (P<0.0001) and increased calving percentage (P<0.05). T. foetus prevalence showed a significant decline compared with the prevalence before implementing the control program (P<0.05). Nevertheless, after 2 years, the herd prevalence did not decrease (12.7-13.6%; P>0.05) and the herd incidence was 22.72%. The testing and culling policy was effective in improving reproductive efficiency but the complete elimination of BT without substantial changes in management appears unlikely because putative risk factors associated with the disease are present in the management of this breed.
牛毛滴虫病（BT）是一种性传播疾病，在粗放管理条件下，它被认为是导致牛早期繁殖失败的一个原因。最近，在西班牙传统山区养殖的一个代表性肉牛品种（阿斯图里亚纳山地牛；AM）的41.5%的牛群中检测到胎儿三毛滴虫。本研究的目的是评估牛毛滴虫病对AM牛群繁殖性能的影响以及经济后果。通过比较实施控制措施前后胎儿三毛滴虫的流行率和繁殖数据，还研究了基于检测和淘汰感染公牛的控制计划的益处。在受感染的牛群中，胎儿三毛滴虫感染使产犊间隔延长了79天（P<0.0001），并且导致未怀孕母牛的比例更高（36%对19%；P<0.001）。一项经济分析表明，牛毛滴虫病可使AM牛群的收入减少68.7%。实施控制计划缩短了产犊间隔（P<0.0001），并提高了产犊百分比（P<0.05）。与实施控制计划前的流行率相比，胎儿三毛滴虫的流行率显著下降（P<0.05）。然而，2年后，牛群的流行率并未下降（12.7 - 13.6%；P>0.05），牛群发病率为22.72%。检测和淘汰政策在提高繁殖效率方面是有效的，但在管理方式没有实质性改变的情况下，似乎不太可能完全消除牛毛滴虫病，因为该品种的管理中存在与该病相关的假定风险因素。
