Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2014 Jul;58(7):1447-56. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201300894. Epub 2014 Mar 31.
To study the effect of residual myrosinase (MYR) activity in differently processed broccoli on sulforaphane (SR) and iberin (IB) formation, bioavailability, and excretion in human volunteers.
Five different broccoli products were obtained with similar glucoraphanin (GR) and glucoiberin (GI) content, yet different MYR activity. Excretion of SR and IB conjugates in urine were determined in 15 participants after ingestion of the broccoli products. A reduction of 80% of MYR in the product did not cause differences in the total amount of SR and IB found in urine compared to the product with 100% MYR. Complete inactivation of MYR gave the lowest total amount of SR and IB in urine (10 and 19%). A residual MYR of only 2% in the product gave an intermediate amount (17 and 29%). The excretion half-lives of SR and IB conjugates were comparable for all the products (2.5 h on average), although the maximum excretion peak times were clearly shorter when the residual MYR was higher (2.3-6.1 h).
For the first time, the effect of residual MYR activity on isothiocyanate bioavailability was systematically and quantitatively studied. Processing conditions have a large effect on the kinetics and bioavailability of isothiocyanates from broccoli.
研究不同加工处理的西兰花中残留的芥子酶（MYR）活性对萝卜硫素（SR）和吲哚-3-甲醇（IB）形成、生物利用度和排泄的影响，在人类志愿者中。
用类似的葡萄糖芸薹素（GR）和葡萄糖硫苷（GI）含量，但不同的 MYR 活性，获得了 5 种不同的西兰花产品。在 15 名参与者摄入西兰花产品后，测定尿液中 SR 和 IB 缀合物的排泄量。与 MYR 活性为 100%的产品相比，产品中 MYR 减少 80%不会导致尿液中 SR 和 IB 的总量出现差异。完全失活的 MYR 导致尿液中 SR 和 IB 的总量最低（分别为 10%和 19%）。产品中 MYR 的残留量仅为 2%，则处于中间水平（分别为 17%和 29%）。所有产品的 SR 和 IB 缀合物的排泄半衰期相似（平均 2.5 小时），尽管当残留 MYR 较高时，最大排泄峰值时间明显更短（2.3-6.1 小时）。
这是首次系统和定量地研究残留 MYR 活性对异硫氰酸盐生物利用度的影响。加工条件对西兰花中异硫氰酸盐的动力学和生物利用度有很大影响。
