Ramaswamy Venkatakrishnan, Banerjee Arunava
Computer and Information Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA,
J Comput Neurosci. 2014 Oct;37(2):209-28. doi: 10.1007/s10827-014-0497-5. Epub 2014 Apr 3.
Several efforts are currently underway to decipher the connectome or parts thereof in a variety of organisms. Ascertaining the detailed physiological properties of all the neurons in these connectomes, however, is out of the scope of such projects. It is therefore unclear to what extent knowledge of the connectome alone will advance a mechanistic understanding of computation occurring in these neural circuits, especially when the high-level function of the said circuit is unknown. We consider, here, the question of how the wiring diagram of neurons imposes constraints on what neural circuits can compute, when we cannot assume detailed information on the physiological response properties of the neurons. We call such constraints-that arise by virtue of the connectome-connectomic constraints on computation. For feedforward networks equipped with neurons that obey a deterministic spiking neuron model which satisfies a small number of properties, we ask if just by knowing the architecture of a network, we can rule out computations that it could be doing, no matter what response properties each of its neurons may have. We show results of this form, for certain classes of network architectures. On the other hand, we also prove that with the limited set of properties assumed for our model neurons, there are fundamental limits to the constraints imposed by network structure. Thus, our theory suggests that while connectomic constraints might restrict the computational ability of certain classes of network architectures, we may require more elaborate information on the properties of neurons in the network, before we can discern such results for other classes of networks.
目前正在进行多项努力,以解析各种生物体中的连接组或其部分。然而,确定这些连接组中所有神经元的详细生理特性超出了此类项目的范围。因此,仅靠连接组的知识在多大程度上能推进对这些神经回路中发生的计算的机制理解尚不清楚,尤其是当所述回路的高级功能未知时。在这里,当我们无法假设神经元生理反应特性的详细信息时,我们考虑神经元的布线图如何对神经回路能够进行的计算施加限制的问题。我们将这种由于连接组而产生的限制称为对计算的连接组约束。对于配备了服从确定性发放神经元模型且满足少量特性的神经元的前馈网络,我们询问是否仅通过了解网络架构,就能排除其可能正在进行的计算,无论其每个神经元可能具有何种反应特性。对于某些类别的网络架构,我们展示了这种形式的结果。另一方面,我们也证明,对于我们假设的模型神经元的有限特性集,网络结构所施加的约束存在根本限制。因此,我们的理论表明,虽然连接组约束可能会限制某些类别的网络架构的计算能力,但在我们能够辨别其他类网络的此类结果之前,可能需要关于网络中神经元特性的更详细信息。