Legg James P, Shirima Rudolph, Tajebe Lensa S, Guastella Devid, Boniface Simon, Jeremiah Simon, Nsami Elibariki, Chikoti Patrick, Rapisarda Carmelo
International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Pest Manag Sci. 2014 Oct;70(10):1446-53. doi: 10.1002/ps.3793. Epub 2014 May 21.
Cassava mosaic disease and cassava brown streak disease are caused by viruses transmitted by Bemisia tabaci and affect approximately half of all cassava plants in Africa, resulting in annual production losses of more than $US 1 billion. A historical and current bias towards virus rather than vector control means that these diseases continue to spread, and high Bemisia populations threaten future virus spread even if the extant strains and species are controlled. Progress has been made in parts of Africa in replicating some of the successes of integrated Bemisia control programmes in the south-western United States. However, these management efforts, which utilise chemical insecticides that conserve the Bemisia natural enemy fauna, are only suitable for commercial agriculture, which presently excludes most cassava cultivation in Africa. Initiatives to strengthen the control of B. tabaci on cassava in Africa need to be aware of this limitation, and to focus primarily on control methods that are cheap, effective, sustainable and readily disseminated, such as host-plant resistance and biological control. A framework based on the application of force multipliers is proposed as a means of prioritising elements of future Bemisia control strategies for cassava in Africa.
木薯花叶病和木薯褐色条纹病由烟粉虱传播的病毒引起，影响了非洲约一半的木薯植株，导致每年的产量损失超过10亿美元。过去和现在对病毒而非媒介控制的偏向意味着这些疾病持续传播，即使现存的病毒株和种类得到控制，高数量的烟粉虱种群仍威胁着未来病毒的传播。非洲部分地区在复制美国西南部烟粉虱综合防治项目的一些成功经验方面取得了进展。然而，这些利用化学杀虫剂来保护烟粉虱天敌群落的管理措施仅适用于商业农业，而目前非洲的大部分木薯种植并不属于商业农业。加强非洲木薯上烟粉虱防治的举措需要意识到这一限制，并主要侧重于廉价、有效、可持续且易于推广的防治方法，如寄主植物抗性和生物防治。提出了一个基于应用增效因素的框架，作为对非洲未来木薯烟粉虱防治策略要素进行优先排序的一种手段。
