Poultry Science Department, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-2472.
Poult Sci. 2014 Apr;93(4):882-90. doi: 10.3382/ps.2013-03723.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of Arg, vitamin E (VE), and mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) on the immune response and clearance of Salmonella in broiler chickens. In each experiment, 1-d-old chicks (n = 160) were randomly distributed into 4 groups: antibiotic-free diet (negative control, CTL-), antibiotic-supplemented diet (positive control, CTL+), antibiotic free-diet plus Arg and VE (AVE), or antibiotic-free diet plus Arg, VE, and MOS (AVM). Birds were orally challenged with 10(6) cfu of a novobiocyn and nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain at d 7 (experiment 1) or at d 3 (experiment 2). Heterophil- (HOB) and monocyte- (MOB) oxidative burst and lymphocyte proliferation (LPR), antibody titers, and Salmonella content in the ceca were measured at several intervals postinfection (PI). In experiment 1, both AVM and AVE decreased HOB compared with the controls 5 and 9 d PI, but increased LPR 9 d PI. In the same experiment, birds fed the AVE diet had higher MOB than birds fed CTL+ or the AVM diet at 7 d PI, whereas 9 d PI birds fed the AVM diet had the highest MOB. In experiment 2, birds fed the AVE diet had higher MOB, HOB, and LPR than birds in the other treatments 7 and 14 d PI, except at 7 d PI, when MOB was not different among treatments. Birds fed the AVM diet had the highest IgA antibody titer, and a higher IgM antibody titer than the CTL+ birds. In experiment 1, Salmonella Typhimurium content in the ceca was lower in birds fed the AVM diet compared with birds fed the CTL- diet 3 d PI, but later on (10 and 17 d PI), and in experiment 2 (7, 14, and 21 d PI), Salmonella Typhimurium concentrations were not different among treatments. Thus, Arg and VE improved immune response after a Salmonella Typhimurium challenge in young chicks, and although they did not reduce Salmonella Typhimurium concentrations in the ceca, they may improve bacterial resistance against other pathogens in commercial growing conditions.
进行了两项实验来评估 Arg、维生素 E（VE）和甘露寡糖（MOS）对肉鸡免疫反应和沙门氏菌清除的影响。在每个实验中，将 1 日龄雏鸡（n=160）随机分为 4 组：无抗生素饮食（阴性对照，CTL-）、添加抗生素的饮食（阳性对照，CTL+）、添加 Arg 和 VE 的无抗生素饮食（AVE）或添加 Arg、VE 和 MOS 的无抗生素饮食（AVM）。在第 7 天（实验 1）或第 3 天（实验 2），雏鸡经口感染 10（6）cfu 的新型诺氟沙星和萘啶酸抗性鼠伤寒沙门氏菌血清型 Typhimurium 菌株。在感染后多个时间点测量异嗜性粒细胞（HOB）和单核细胞（MOB）的氧化爆发和淋巴细胞增殖（LPR）、抗体滴度和盲肠中的沙门氏菌含量。在实验 1 中，与对照组相比，AVM 和 AVE 均在 5 和 9 d PI 时降低了 HOB，但在 9 d PI 时增加了 LPR。在同一实验中，与 CTL+或 AVM 饮食相比，7 d PI 时，饲喂 AVE 饮食的鸡的 MOB 更高，而 9 d PI 时，饲喂 AVM 饮食的鸡的 MOB 最高。在实验 2 中，与其他处理组相比，饲喂 AVE 饮食的鸡在 7 和 14 d PI 时的 MOB、HOB 和 LPR 更高，除了在 7 d PI 时，各组之间的 MOB 没有差异。饲喂 AVM 饮食的鸡的 IgA 抗体滴度最高，并且 IgM 抗体滴度高于 CTL+鸡。在实验 1 中，与饲喂 CTL-饮食的鸡相比，饲喂 AVM 饮食的鸡在感染后 3 d PI 时盲肠中的沙门氏菌 Typhimurium 含量较低，但后来（10 和 17 d PI），并且在实验 2 中（7、14 和 21 d PI），各组之间的沙门氏菌 Typhimurium 浓度没有差异。因此，Arg 和 VE 改善了幼鸡感染鼠伤寒沙门氏菌后的免疫反应，并且尽管它们没有降低盲肠中的沙门氏菌 Typhimurium 浓度，但它们可能提高了商业生长条件下对其他病原体的细菌抵抗力。
