Lamis Dorian A, Wilson Christina K, Tarantino Nicholas, Lansford Jennifer E, Kaslow Nadine J
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine.
Department of Psychology, Georgia State University.
J Fam Psychol. 2014 Dec;28(6):769-78. doi: 10.1037/a0036373. Epub 2014 Apr 7.
Using a culturally informed risk-protective framework, the purpose of this study was to examine spiritual well-being (existential, religious) as a moderator (protective factor) in the relation between neighborhood disorder (risk factor) and parenting stress in a high-risk sample of low-socioeconomic status (SES) African American women (N = 144). These women, who were primary caregivers of children between 8 and 12 years old, reported on disorder in their existential and religious well-being, neighborhoods, and 3 types of parenting stress. Women who perceived more disorder in their neighborhood had more parenting stress, and women who reported more existential and religious well-being had less parenting stress. Existential (characterized by a sense of purpose in life), but not religious (characterized by a sense of life in relation with God) well-being moderated the relation between neighborhood disorder and all types of parenting stress, such that women with medium or high levels of existential well-being had low levels of parenting stress at low levels of neighborhood disorder, but higher levels of parenting stress at higher levels of neighborhood disorder. No moderation effects were found at low levels of existential well-being. Results are framed in a context that emphasizes their relevance to incorporating family interventions that bolster culturally relevant resilience factors, such as spirituality, pertinent to low-SES African American families.
本研究采用一个考虑文化因素的风险保护框架，目的是在低社会经济地位（SES）非裔美国女性的高风险样本（N = 144）中，检验精神幸福感（存在性、宗教性）作为邻里混乱（风险因素）与育儿压力之间关系的调节因素（保护因素）。这些女性是8至12岁儿童的主要照顾者，她们报告了自身存在性和宗教幸福感、邻里环境方面的混乱情况以及三种育儿压力类型。认为邻里环境中混乱情况更多的女性育儿压力更大，而报告存在更多存在性和宗教幸福感的女性育儿压力更小。存在性幸福感（以生活目标感为特征）而非宗教幸福感（以与上帝的生活关联感为特征）调节了邻里混乱与所有类型育儿压力之间的关系，即存在性幸福感处于中等或较高水平的女性，在邻里混乱程度较低时育儿压力较小，但在邻里混乱程度较高时育儿压力较大。在存在性幸福感较低水平时未发现调节效应。研究结果置于这样一个背景中，即强调其与纳入家庭干预措施的相关性，这些干预措施可增强与文化相关的复原力因素，如灵性，这对低社会经济地位的非裔美国家庭至关重要。
