Goldman-Wohl D, Yagel S
The Magda and Richard Hoffman Center for Human Placenta Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Centers, POB 24035, Mt Scopus, Jerusalem 91240, Israel.
The Magda and Richard Hoffman Center for Human Placenta Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Centers, POB 24035, Mt Scopus, Jerusalem 91240, Israel.
Placenta. 2014 Jun;35(6):341-4. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.03.012. Epub 2014 Mar 22.
The multinucleate syncytiotrophoblast of the human placenta is responsible for transport functions between maternal and fetal blood supplies and is a major site of protein synthesis and steroid production. It is formed by cell fusion of the underlying cytotrophoblast cells. The nuclei of the multinucleate syncytiotrophoblast are non-mitotic yet the mechanism of cell cycle arrest in the syncytiotrophoblast is not known. The recent publication by the group of Krizhanovsky (2013), demonstrates that cell fusion induces cell senescence. The work reported the exciting finding that term placenta syncytiotrophoblast displays markers associated with cellular senescence. Cellular senescence is perhaps best known as a component of aging, a response to stress and an important factor in preventing tumor cell growth. The aforementioned study suggests myriad avenues of investigation in placental biology with intriguing possibilities to furthering our understanding of placental development and aging, health of pregnancy and placental pathologies having their origin in placental stress.
人类胎盘的多核合体滋养层负责母血与胎儿血供之间的转运功能，是蛋白质合成和类固醇生成的主要场所。它由其下方的细胞滋养层细胞融合形成。多核合体滋养层的细胞核不进行有丝分裂，但合体滋养层细胞周期停滞的机制尚不清楚。克里扎诺夫斯基团队（2013年）最近发表的文章表明，细胞融合会诱导细胞衰老。该研究报告了一项令人兴奋的发现，即足月胎盘合体滋养层表现出与细胞衰老相关的标志物。细胞衰老可能最为人所知的是作为衰老的一个组成部分，是对压力的一种反应，也是防止肿瘤细胞生长的一个重要因素。上述研究为胎盘生物学研究提供了众多途径，有望进一步加深我们对胎盘发育与衰老、妊娠健康以及起源于胎盘应激的胎盘病理学的理解。
