Collège de France, F-75005 Paris, France; Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U992, F-91191 Gif/Yvette, France; NeuroSpin Center, Institute of BioImaging Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, F-91191 Gif/Yvette, France; Université Paris 11, Orsay, France.
Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U992, F-91191 Gif/Yvette, France; NeuroSpin Center, Institute of BioImaging Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, F-91191 Gif/Yvette, France; Université Paris 11, Orsay, France.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2014 Apr;25:76-84. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2013.12.005. Epub 2013 Dec 29.
The study of the mechanisms of conscious processing has become a productive area of cognitive neuroscience. Here we review some of the recent behavioral and neuroscience data, with the specific goal of constraining present and future theories of the computations underlying conscious processing. Experimental findings imply that most of the brain's computations can be performed in a non-conscious mode, but that conscious perception is characterized by an amplification, global propagation and integration of brain signals. A comparison of these data with major theoretical proposals suggests that firstly, conscious access must be carefully distinguished from selective attention; secondly, conscious perception may be likened to a non-linear decision that 'ignites' a network of distributed areas; thirdly, information which is selected for conscious perception gains access to additional computations, including temporary maintenance, global sharing, and flexible routing; and finally, measures of the complexity, long-distance correlation and integration of brain signals provide reliable indices of conscious processing, clinically relevant to patients recovering from coma.
意识加工机制的研究已成为认知神经科学的一个富有成效的领域。在这里，我们回顾了一些最近的行为和神经科学数据，其具体目标是限制当前和未来关于意识加工计算的理论。实验结果表明，大脑的大部分计算都可以在无意识模式下进行，但意识知觉的特征是大脑信号的放大、全局传播和整合。将这些数据与主要的理论建议进行比较表明，首先，意识的获取必须与选择性注意仔细区分；其次，意识知觉可以类比为一种非线性决策，它“点燃”了一个分布式区域网络；第三，被选择用于意识知觉的信息获得了额外的计算，包括临时保持、全局共享和灵活路由；最后，大脑信号的复杂性、长程相关性和整合的度量为意识处理提供了可靠的指标，这对从昏迷中恢复的患者具有临床意义。
