Université Grenoble Alpes, UMR5168, 38041, Grenoble, France,
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2014 Aug;71(16):3119-37. doi: 10.1007/s00018-014-1609-0. Epub 2014 Apr 9.
In plants, environment-adaptable organogenesis extends throughout the lifespan, and iterative development requires repetitive rounds of activation and repression of several sets of genes. Eukaryotic genome compaction into chromatin forms a physical barrier for transcription; therefore, induction of gene expression requires alteration in chromatin structure. One of the present great challenges in molecular and developmental biology is to understand how chromatin is brought from a repressive to permissive state on specific loci and in a very specific cluster of cells, as well as how this state is further maintained and propagated through time and cell division in a cell lineage. In this review, we report recent discoveries implementing our knowledge on chromatin dynamics that modulate developmental gene expression. We also discuss how new data sets highlight plant specificities, likely reflecting requirement for a highly dynamic chromatin.
在植物中，适应环境的器官发生贯穿整个生命周期，而迭代发育需要反复激活和抑制几组基因。真核生物基因组压缩成染色质形成转录的物理屏障；因此，基因表达的诱导需要改变染色质结构。分子和发育生物学目前的一大挑战是了解染色质如何在特定基因座和非常特定的细胞簇中从抑制状态转变为允许状态，以及如何在细胞谱系中随着时间和细胞分裂进一步维持和传播这种状态。在这篇综述中，我们报告了最近在调节发育基因表达的染色质动力学方面的发现。我们还讨论了新数据集如何突出植物的特异性，这可能反映了对高度动态染色质的需求。
