Radwan Ghada N, Loffredo Christopher A, Abdelaziz Heba, Amr Sania
aPublic Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University bThe National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt cLombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC dDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2014 Apr;89(1):16-21. doi: 10.1097/01.EPX.0000444060.91661.6f.
Smoking addiction is influenced by cultural and environmental factors and personality traits. We assessed the associations between neuroticism and depression and smoking behavior and motives among Egyptian adult men in rural Qalyubia Governorate.
Using a cross-sectional design, we administered questionnaires to randomly selected 201, 278, and 120 adult men aged 18 years or above who were never, current, and former smokers, respectively. We used Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression (CES-D) scale, Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), and Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives scales to assess the associations between neuroticism, depression, and smoking risk.
The mean CES-D and EPI scores were significantly higher among current smokers as compared with never smokers (P=0.02 and 0.006, respectively). The greatest risk for ever smoking was observed among those with both neuroticism and depression [adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) were 1.98 (1.23-3.19); 2.56 (1.34-4.88); and 1.82 (1.10-3.03) for ever, former, and current smokers, respectively]. Both CES-D and EPI scores were associated with a variety of smoking motives and with the level of severity or intensity of nicotine dependence on FTND.
Neuroticism and depression were associated with smoking behavior and motives among Egyptians, and thus attention should be given to individual needs in designing and implementing smoking cessation interventions.
吸烟成瘾受文化、环境因素及人格特质影响。我们评估了埃及盖勒尤比省农村成年男性中神经质、抑郁与吸烟行为及动机之间的关联。
采用横断面设计，我们分别对随机选取的201名、278名和120名18岁及以上的成年男性进行问卷调查，他们分别为从不吸烟者、当前吸烟者和既往吸烟者。我们使用流行病学研究中心抑郁简表（CES-D）、艾森克人格问卷（EPI）、尼古丁依赖的法格斯特罗姆测试（FTND）以及威斯康星吸烟依赖动机量表来评估神经质、抑郁与吸烟风险之间的关联。
与从不吸烟者相比，当前吸烟者的CES-D和EPI平均得分显著更高（分别为P = 0.02和0.006）。在同时具有神经质和抑郁的人群中观察到曾经吸烟的最大风险[曾经吸烟者、既往吸烟者和当前吸烟者的调整优势比（95%置信区间）分别为1.98（1.23 - 3.19）；2.56（1.34 - 4.88）；以及1.82（1.10 - 3.03）]。CES-D和EPI得分均与多种吸烟动机以及FTND上尼古丁依赖的严重程度或强度水平相关。
在埃及人中，神经质和抑郁与吸烟行为及动机相关，因此在设计和实施戒烟干预措施时应关注个体需求。
