Ng Tze Hann, Chiang Yi-An, Yeh Ying-Chun, Wang Han-Ching
Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2014 Oct;46(2):129-38. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.04.002. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
Although true adaptive immunity is only found in vertebrates, there is increasing evidence that shrimp and other arthropods exhibit immune specificity and immune memory. The invertebrate immune response is now called "innate immunity with specificity" or "immune priming", and its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. However, while vertebrate antibodies have no invertebrate homolog, the Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam), which is a hypervariable protein created by alternative splicing, can function as a pathogen-specific recognizing molecule in arthropods. Here we review our current understanding of the Dscam-mediated immune responses in arthropods, especially in shrimp, and show that Dscam may be involved in both general innate immunity and the pathogen-specific immune response.
虽然真正的适应性免疫仅在脊椎动物中发现，但越来越多的证据表明，虾和其他节肢动物表现出免疫特异性和免疫记忆。现在，无脊椎动物的免疫反应被称为“具有特异性的先天免疫”或“免疫致敏”，其潜在机制仍不清楚。然而，虽然脊椎动物抗体在无脊椎动物中没有同源物，但唐氏综合征细胞粘附分子（Dscam）是一种通过可变剪接产生的高变蛋白，在节肢动物中可作为病原体特异性识别分子发挥作用。在这里，我们综述了目前对节肢动物，特别是虾中Dscam介导的免疫反应的理解，并表明Dscam可能参与一般先天免疫和病原体特异性免疫反应。
