Patenaude Johane, Legault Georges-Auguste, Beauvais Jacques, Bernier Louise, Béland Jean-Pierre, Boissy Patrick, Chenel Vanessa, Daniel Charles-Étienne, Genest Jonathan, Poirier Marie-Sol, Tapin Danielle
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 Twelfth Avenue North, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada,
Sci Eng Ethics. 2015 Apr;21(2):293-315. doi: 10.1007/s11948-014-9543-y. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
The genetically manipulated organism (GMO) crisis demonstrated that technological development based solely on the law of the marketplace and State protection against serious risks to health and safety is no longer a warrant of ethical acceptability. In the first part of our paper, we critique the implicitly individualist social-acceptance model for State regulation of technology and recommend an interdisciplinary approach for comprehensive analysis of the impacts and ethical acceptability of technologies. In the second part, we present a framework for the analysis of impacts and acceptability, devised-with the goal of supporting the development of specific nanotechnological applications-by a team of researchers from various disciplines. At the conceptual level, this analytic framework is intended to make explicit those various operations required in preparing a judgement about the acceptability of technologies that have been implicit in the classical analysis of toxicological risk. On a practical level, we present a reflective tool that makes it possible to take into account all the dimensions involved and understand the reasons invoked in determining impacts, assessing them, and arriving at a judgement about acceptability.
转基因生物（GMO）危机表明，仅基于市场规律和国家对健康与安全严重风险的保护的技术发展，已不再是道德可接受性的保证。在本文的第一部分，我们批判了国家对技术监管中隐含的个人主义社会接受模型，并推荐一种跨学科方法，用于全面分析技术的影响和道德可接受性。在第二部分，我们提出了一个影响和可接受性分析框架，该框架由来自不同学科的一组研究人员设计，旨在支持特定纳米技术应用的开发。在概念层面，这个分析框架旨在明确在对技术可接受性进行判断时所需的各种操作，这些操作在传统毒理学风险分析中是隐含的。在实践层面，我们提供了一个反思工具，它能够考虑到所有相关维度，并理解在确定影响、评估影响以及得出可接受性判断时所援引的理由。
