Jurjanz S, Jondreville C, Mahieu M, Fournier A, Archimède H, Rychen G, Feidt C
UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, USC 340, Université de Lorraine, INRA, ENSAIA 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA 40602, 54518, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France,
Environ Geochem Health. 2014 Oct;36(5):911-7. doi: 10.1007/s10653-014-9608-5. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
The pollution of soil with the pesticide chlordecone (CLD) is a problem for the use of agricultural surfaces even years after its use has been forbidden. Therefore, the exposure of free-ranged animals such as ruminants needs to be investigated in order to assess the risk of contamination of the food chain. Indeed, measured concentrations could be integrated in a lowered extent if the soil binding would reduce the bioavailability of the pesticide. This bioavailability of soil-bound CLD in a heavily polluted andosol has been investigated relatively of CLD given via spiked oil. Twenty-four weaned lambs were exposed to graded doses of 2, 4 or 6 μg CLD/kg body weight during 15 days via the contaminated soil in comparison to spiked oil. The concentration of this pesticide has been determined in two target tissues: blood serum and kidney fat. The relative bioavailability (RBA) corresponds to the slope ratio between the test matrix-contaminated soil- in comparison to the reference matrix oil. The RBA of the soil-bound CLD was not found to significantly differ from the reference matrix oil in lambs meaning that the pesticide ingested by grazing ruminants would not be sequestered by soil binding. Therefore, CLD from soil gets bioavailable within the intestinal level and exposure to contaminated soil has to be integrated in risk assessments.
即使在禁止使用农药十氯酮（CLD）多年之后，其对农业用地土壤的污染仍是一个问题。因此，需要对反刍动物等自由放养动物的暴露情况进行调查，以评估食物链污染风险。实际上，如果土壤结合作用会降低农药的生物利用度，那么实测浓度在一定程度上可能会被整合。在重度污染的暗色土中，相对于通过加标油给予的CLD，已对土壤结合态CLD的生物利用度进行了研究。将24只断奶羔羊通过受污染土壤暴露于2、4或6μg CLD/千克体重的分级剂量下15天，与加标油进行比较。已在两个靶组织中测定了这种农药的浓度：血清和肾脂肪。相对生物利用度（RBA）对应于测试基质（受污染土壤）与参比基质（油）之间的斜率比。未发现土壤结合态CLD的RBA与羔羊参比基质油有显著差异，这意味着放牧反刍动物摄入的农药不会因土壤结合作用而被隔离。因此，土壤中的CLD在肠道水平上具有生物利用度，在风险评估中必须考虑对受污染土壤的暴露情况。
