Université de Lorraine, UR AFPA, USC 340, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013 Jan;20(1):292-9. doi: 10.1007/s11356-012-1010-1. Epub 2012 Jun 10.
The former use of chlordecone (CLD) in the French West Indies has resulted in long-term pollution of soils and of food chains. CLD may be transferred into eggs of hens reared outdoors, through polluted soil ingestion. Tropical volcanic soils display variable capacities of pollutant retention: CLD is less available and more persistent in andosol than in nitisol. The impact of soil type on CLD bioavailability to hens was tested through a relative bioavailability study. The deposition of CLD in egg yolk and in abdominal fat was measured in 42 individually housed laying hens fed with diets containing graded levels of CLD from polluted andosol, nitisol, or spiked oil during 23 days. Within each ingested matrix, the concentration of CLD in yolk and in abdominal fat linearly increased with the amount of ingested CLD (P < 0.001). However, the response to andosol diets and to nitisol diets was not different from the response to oil diets (P > 0.1), indicating that CLD was equally bioavailable to laying hens, irrespective of the matrix. This suggests that the hen's gastrointestinal tract efficiently extracts CLD from the two tropical volcanic soils, regardless of their retention capacity. Thus, hens reared on polluted soils with CLD may lay contaminated eggs.
过去在法属西印度群岛使用十氯酮（CLD）导致土壤和食物链的长期污染。CLD 可能通过污染土壤的摄入转移到户外饲养的母鸡的鸡蛋中。热带火山土壤对污染物的保留能力存在差异：与在 nitisol 中相比，CLD 在 andosol 中的可用性较低且更持久。通过相对生物利用度研究测试了土壤类型对母鸡 CLD 生物利用度的影响。在 23 天的时间里，将含有来自污染 andosol、nitisol 或添加油的不同浓度 CLD 的饮食喂给 42 只单独饲养的产蛋母鸡，测量蛋黄和腹部脂肪中 CLD 的沉积量。在每种摄入的基质中，蛋黄和腹部脂肪中 CLD 的浓度与摄入的 CLD 量呈线性增加（P < 0.001）。然而，andosol 饮食和 nitisol 饮食的反应与油饮食的反应没有不同（P > 0.1），这表明 CLD 对产蛋母鸡的生物利用度相同，与基质无关。这表明母鸡的胃肠道能够从两种热带火山土壤中有效地提取 CLD，而不管它们的保留能力如何。因此，在污染土壤中饲养的母鸡可能会产下受污染的鸡蛋。
