Yehya Sarah, Delannoy Matthieu, Fournier Agnès, Baroudi Moomen, Rychen Guido, Feidt Cyril
Université de Lorraine, INRA USC 340, UR AFPA, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye TSA, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
Lebanese University-Faculty of Public Health-Section III, L.S.E.E., Tripoli, Lebanon.
PLoS One. 2017 Jul 19;12(7):e0179548. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179548. eCollection 2017.
Chlordecone (Kepone) (CLD) is a highly persistent pesticide which was extensively used in the French West Indies; high levels of CLD can still currently be found in large agricultural areas. As CLD transfers from soil to animals mainly via involuntary ingestion, the consumption of foodstuffs derived from animals raised in contaminated areas may significantly contribute to exposure of humans to CLD. The present study was designed to test the efficacy of two different activated carbons (ACs) sources in limiting CLD transfer from soil to animal. Three soils (ASs) were prepared according to the OECD guideline 207. One standard soil (SS) lacking AC, and two modified preparations of SS supplemented with 2% coconut-based activated carbon (ORBO), SSO or with 2% lignite-based one (DARCO), SSD. All three soils were spiked with 10 μg of kepone per g of dry matter and aged for three weeks. This study involved 15 goat kids randomly assigned to the 3 experimental groups (n = 5/group), which were fed the experimental matrices at an exposure dose of 10 μg CLD per kg of body weight per day. After 21 d of oral exposure, CLD in adipose tissue and liver were analysed by LC-MS-MS. A significant decrease of 63.7% and 74.7% of CLD concentrations in adipose tissue and liver, respectively, were obtained from animals exposed using SS containing DARCO as compared to those receiving only SS. Decreases in CLD levels of 98.2% (adipose tissue) and 98.7% (liver) were obtained for animals exposed using SS containing ORBO. This study leads us to conclude that (i) the presence of AC in CLD-contaminated soil strongly reduces CLD bioavailability, and (ii) the efficacy depends on the nature and characteristics of the AC used.
十氯酮（开蓬）（CLD）是一种具有高持久性的农药，曾在法属西印度群岛广泛使用；目前在大片农业地区仍能检测到高含量的CLD。由于CLD主要通过非自愿摄入从土壤转移到动物体内，食用受污染地区饲养动物的衍生食品可能会显著增加人类接触CLD的风险。本研究旨在测试两种不同来源的活性炭（AC）在限制CLD从土壤转移到动物体内方面的效果。根据经合组织（OECD）准则207制备了三种土壤（AS）。一种不含AC的标准土壤（SS），以及两种在SS基础上添加2%椰子基活性炭（ORBO）的改良制剂SSO，或添加2%褐煤基活性炭（DARCO）的改良制剂SSD。所有三种土壤均以每克干物质10微克的剂量添加开蓬，并陈化三周。本研究涉及15只山羊羔，随机分为3个实验组（每组n = 5），每天以每千克体重10微克CLD的暴露剂量喂食实验基质。经口暴露21天后，通过液相色谱 - 串联质谱法（LC - MS - MS）分析脂肪组织和肝脏中的CLD。与仅接受SS的动物相比，使用含DARCO的SS暴露的动物脂肪组织和肝脏中的CLD浓度分别显著降低了63.7%和74.7%。使用含ORBO的SS暴露的动物，CLD水平在脂肪组织中降低了98.2%，在肝脏中降低了98.7%。本研究使我们得出以下结论：（i）在受CLD污染的土壤中添加AC可显著降低CLD的生物利用度，（ii）其效果取决于所用AC的性质和特性。
