Bora Tanujjal, Dutta Joydeep
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2014 Jan;14(1):613-26. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2014.8898.
Water on Earth is a precious and finite resource, which is endlessly recycled in the water cycle. Water, whose physical, chemical, or biological properties have been altered due to the addition of contaminants such as organic/inorganic materials, pathogens, heavy metals or other toxins making it unsafe for the ecosystem, can be termed as wastewater. Various schemes have been adopted by industries across the world to treat wastewater prior to its release to the ecosystem, and several new concepts and technologies are fast replacing the traditional methods. This article briefly reviews the recent advances and application of nanotechnology for wastewater treatment. Nanomaterials typically have high reactivity and a high degree of functionalization, large specific surface area, size-dependent properties etc., which makes them suitable for applications in wastewater treatment and for water purification. In this article, the application of various nanomaterials such as metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, carbon compounds, zeolite, filtration membranes, etc., in the field of wastewater treatment is discussed.
地球上的水是一种珍贵且有限的资源，它在水循环中不断循环利用。由于添加了有机/无机材料、病原体、重金属或其他毒素等污染物，导致其物理、化学或生物特性发生改变，从而对生态系统不安全的水，可被称为废水。世界各地的工业采用了各种方案来在废水排放到生态系统之前对其进行处理，并且一些新的概念和技术正在迅速取代传统方法。本文简要回顾了纳米技术在废水处理方面的最新进展和应用。纳米材料通常具有高反应活性、高度功能化、大比表面积、尺寸依赖性特性等，这使得它们适用于废水处理和水净化应用。本文讨论了各种纳米材料，如金属纳米颗粒、金属氧化物、碳化合物、沸石、过滤膜等在废水处理领域的应用。
