Er B, Demirhan B, Yentür G
Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Food Analysis, 06330 Ankara, Turkey.
Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Food Analysis, 06330 Ankara, Turkey.
J Dairy Sci. 2014;97(6):3328-31. doi: 10.3168/jds.2013-7831. Epub 2014 Apr 14.
Aflatoxins are fungal toxins known to be carcinogenic and are classified as food contaminants. This study was performed to investigate aflatoxin (AF) M1 levels in baby foods sold in Ankara (Turkey) and to evaluate the obtained results according to the Turkish Food Codex (TFC). For this purpose, a total of 84 baby food samples (50 follow-on milks and 34 infant formulas) were obtained from different markets in Ankara and the presence of AFM1 in the samples was analyzed by ELISA. In 32 (38.1%) of 84 infant food samples, the presence of AFM1 was detected in concentrations ranging between 0.0055 and 0.0201 µg/kg. The mean level (± standard error) of AFM1 was found to be 0.0089 ± 0.0006 µg/kg in positive infant follow-on milks. Aflatoxin M1 was detected in only 1 infant formula sample (2.94%) at a concentration of 0.0061 µg/kg. The extrapolated levels of AFB1 contamination in feedstuffs were calculated based on levels of AFM1 in baby food samples. The data estimating AFB1 contamination in dairy cattle feedstuff indicate that contamination may range from 0.3410 to 1.2580 µg/kg, with the mean level (± standard error) being 0.5499 ± 0.0385 µg/kg, which is lower than the level set by the TFC and European Union regulations (5 µg/kg). According to the obtained results, the levels of AFM1 in analyzed samples were within the allowed limit (0.025 µg/kg) set in the TFC. Low levels of AFM1 in infant follow-on milks and infant formula samples obtained during the study do not pose a health risk to infants.
黄曲霉毒素是已知具有致癌性的真菌毒素，被归类为食品污染物。本研究旨在调查在安卡拉（土耳其）销售的婴儿食品中的黄曲霉毒素M1（AFM1）水平，并根据土耳其食品法典（TFC）评估所得结果。为此，从安卡拉不同市场共采集了84份婴儿食品样本（50份后续奶和34份婴儿配方奶粉），并通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）分析样本中AFM1的存在情况。在84份婴儿食品样本中的32份（38.1%）中，检测到AFM1的存在，其浓度范围在0.0055至0.0201微克/千克之间。在呈阳性的婴儿后续奶中，AFM1的平均水平（±标准误差）为0.0089±0.0006微克/千克。仅在1份婴儿配方奶粉样本（2.94%）中检测到AFM1，浓度为0.0061微克/千克。根据婴儿食品样本中AFM1的水平计算了饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）污染的推断水平。估计奶牛饲料中AFB1污染的数据表明，污染范围可能在0.3410至1.2580微克/千克之间，平均水平（±标准误差）为0.5499±0.0385微克/千克，低于TFC和欧盟法规设定的水平（5微克/千克）。根据所得结果，分析样本中AFM1的水平在TFC规定的允许限度（0.025微克/千克）内。研究期间获得的婴儿后续奶和婴儿配方奶粉样本中低水平的AFM1不会对婴儿构成健康风险。
