Böhm Markus, Schultz Sebastian, Koussoroplis Apostolos-Manuel, Kainz Martin J
WasserCluster -Biologische Station Lunz, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser, Lunz am See, Austria; University of Vienna, Department of Limnology, Wien, Austria.
WasserCluster -Biologische Station Lunz, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser, Lunz am See, Austria.
PLoS One. 2014 Apr 14;9(4):e94759. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094759. eCollection 2014.
Fish depend on dietary fatty acids (FA) to support their physiological condition and health. Exploring the FA distribution in common carp (Cyprinus carpio), one of the world's most consumed freshwater fish, is important to understand how and where FA of different sources are allocated. We investigated diet effects on the composition of polar and neutral lipid fatty acids (PLFA and NLFA, respectively) in eight different tissues (dorsal and ventral muscle, heart, kidney, intestine, eyes, liver and adipose tissue) of common carp. Two-year old carp were exposed to three diet sources (i.e., zooplankton, zooplankton plus supplementary feeds containing vegetable, VO, or fish oil, FO) with different FA composition. The PLFA and NLFA response was clearly tissue-specific after 210 days of feeding on different diets. PLFA were generally rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated FA and only marginally influenced by dietary FA, whereas the NLFA composition strongly reflected dietary FA profiles. However, the NLFA composition in carp tissues varied considerably at low NLFA mass ratios, suggesting that carp is able to regulate the NLFA composition and thus FA quality in its tissues when NLFA contents are low. Finally, this study shows that FO were 3X more retained than VO as NLFA particularly in muscle tissues, indicating that higher nutritional quality feeds are selectively allocated into tissues and thus available for human consumption.
鱼类依赖膳食脂肪酸（FA）来维持其生理状态和健康。探索世界上消费最多的淡水鱼之一鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）体内的脂肪酸分布，对于理解不同来源的脂肪酸如何以及在何处分配至关重要。我们研究了饮食对鲤鱼八个不同组织（背肌和腹肌、心脏、肾脏、肠道、眼睛、肝脏和脂肪组织）中极性和中性脂质脂肪酸（分别为PLFA和NLFA）组成的影响。两岁的鲤鱼被投喂三种脂肪酸组成不同的饮食来源（即浮游动物、添加了含有植物油（VO）或鱼油（FO）的补充饲料的浮游动物）。在以不同饮食投喂210天后，PLFA和NLFA的反应明显具有组织特异性。PLFA通常富含ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸，并且仅受到膳食脂肪酸的轻微影响，而NLFA的组成强烈反映了膳食脂肪酸的概况。然而，在低NLFA质量比时，鲤鱼组织中的NLFA组成差异很大，这表明当NLFA含量较低时，鲤鱼能够调节其组织中的NLFA组成，从而调节脂肪酸质量。最后，这项研究表明，作为NLFA，鱼油比植物油多保留3倍，特别是在肌肉组织中保留更多，这表明更高营养质量的饲料被选择性地分配到组织中，从而可供人类食用。
