Torno Claudia, Staats Stefanie, Pascual-Teresa Sonia de, Rimbach Gerald, Schulz Carsten
GMA-Gesellschaft für Marine Aquakultur mbH, Hafentörn 3, 25761 Büsum, Germany.
Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, University of Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
Mar Drugs. 2017 Aug 11;15(8):252. doi: 10.3390/md15080252.
To produce fish of a high quality that are rich in omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FA) and simultaneously generate more sustainable aquaculture, the combined use of phytochemicals and vegetable oils in fish feed seems to be a promising approach. Resveratrol (RV) potentially induces endogenous fatty acid synthesis, resulting in elevated n-3 FA levels in fish. RV putatively influences ∆6-desaturase, the key enzyme in FA metabolism, and serves as a ligand for PPARα, a transcription factor regulating β-oxidation. Rainbow trout (36.35 ± 0.03 g) were randomly allocated into six groups and fed diets with reduced fish oil levels (F4 = 4%, F2 = 2% and F0 = 0% of dry matter) supplemented with 0.3% (/) RV (F4 + RV, F2 + RV and F0 + RV). RV significantly affected FA composition in liver tissue and whole fish homogenates. 20:5n-3 (EPA) and 22:6n-3 (DHA) were significantly increased whereas precursor FA were diminished in fish fed the F2 + RV and F0 + RV diets when compared to F4 + RV and F0. RV significantly elevated ∆6-desaturase protein levels in the livers of F0 + RV fed animals. Hepatic mRNA expression of ∆6-desaturase, PPARα, and its target genes were affected by the dietary fish oil level and not by dietary RV. The results of this study indicated a potential benefit of supplementing RV in fish oil deprived diets elevating n-3 FA levels in rainbow trout.
为了生产富含ω-3脂肪酸（n-3 FA）的高品质鱼类，并同时实现更可持续的水产养殖，在鱼饲料中联合使用植物化学物质和植物油似乎是一种很有前景的方法。白藜芦醇（RV）可能诱导内源性脂肪酸合成，从而提高鱼类体内的n-3 FA水平。RV可能影响脂肪酸代谢的关键酶——Δ6-去饱和酶，并作为过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α（PPARα）的配体，PPARα是一种调节β-氧化的转录因子。将虹鳟（36.35±0.03克）随机分为六组，投喂鱼油水平降低的饲料（干物质的F4 = 4%、F2 = 2%和F0 = 0%），并添加0.3%（/）的RV（F4 + RV、F2 + RV和F0 + RV）。RV显著影响肝脏组织和全鱼匀浆中的脂肪酸组成。与F4 + RV和F0组相比，饲喂F2 + RV和F0 + RV饲料的鱼中，20:5n-3（二十碳五烯酸，EPA）和22:6n-3（二十二碳六烯酸，DHA）显著增加，而前体脂肪酸减少。RV显著提高了F0 + RV组饲喂动物肝脏中Δ6-去饱和酶的蛋白质水平。Δ6-去饱和酶、PPARα及其靶基因的肝脏mRNA表达受饲料鱼油水平的影响，而不受饲料RV的影响。本研究结果表明，在缺乏鱼油的饲料中添加RV对提高虹鳟体内n-3 FA水平具有潜在益处。
