Silventoinen Karri, Pitkäniemi Janne, Latvala Antti, Kaprio Jaakko, Yokoyama Yoshie
Population Research Unit,Department of Social Research,University of Helsinki,Helsinki,Finland.
Department of Public Health,University of Helsinki,Helsinki,Finland.
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2014 Jun;17(3):192-8. doi: 10.1017/thg.2014.16. Epub 2014 Apr 15.
Length and weight in infancy are associated with neurodevelopment, but less is known about growth in other anthropometric measures. In this study we analyzed how the development in length, weight, head circumference, and chest circumference over infancy is associated with motor development in early childhood, using a twin study design. Information on physical development over infancy and the age at achievement of eight developmental milestones over early childhood was collected for 370 Japanese twin pairs. Linear mixed models were used to analyze how physical development is associated with motor development between individual twins, as well as within twin pairs, adjusting the results for shared maternal and postnatal environmental factors. Delayed motor development was associated with smaller body size over infancy, and we also found some suggestive evidence that it was associated with catch-up growth as well. When studying the associations within twin pairs discordant for motor development, similar associations were found. However, chest circumference showed the most robust association within discordant twin pairs. Smaller body size and rapid catch-up growth are associated with delayed motor development. When studying these associations within twin pairs and thus adjusting the results for gestational age as well as many other maternal and postnatal environmental factors, chest circumference showed the most robust association. Chest circumference, rarely used in developed countries, can offer additional information on prenatal conditions relevant for further motor development not achieved by more traditional anthropometric measures.
婴儿期的身长和体重与神经发育相关，但对于其他人体测量指标的增长情况了解较少。在本研究中，我们采用双生子研究设计，分析了婴儿期身长、体重、头围和胸围的发育与幼儿期运动发育之间的关联。收集了370对日本双胞胎在婴儿期的身体发育信息以及在幼儿期达到八个发育里程碑的年龄。使用线性混合模型分析个体双胞胎之间以及双胞胎对内部身体发育与运动发育的关联，并针对共享的母体和产后环境因素对结果进行调整。运动发育延迟与婴儿期较小的体型相关，我们还发现了一些提示性证据，表明其也与追赶生长有关。在研究运动发育不一致的双胞胎对内部的关联时，发现了类似的关联。然而，胸围在不一致的双胞胎对中显示出最强的关联。较小的体型和快速追赶生长与运动发育延迟相关。在双胞胎对内部研究这些关联并因此针对胎龄以及许多其他母体和产后环境因素对结果进行调整时，胸围显示出最强的关联。胸围在发达国家很少使用，但它可以提供有关产前状况的额外信息，这些信息与更传统的人体测量指标无法提供的进一步运动发育相关。
