Aaltonen Sari, Latvala Antti, Rose Richard J, Pulkkinen Lea, Kujala Urho M, Kaprio Jaakko, Silventoinen Karri
1Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FINLAND, 2Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FINLAND; 3Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN; 4Department of Psychology, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, FINLAND, 5Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, FINLAND, 6Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FINLAND; and 7Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, FINLAND.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015 Oct;47(10):2111-8. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000650.
Previous longitudinal research suggests that motor proficiency in early life predicts physical activity in adulthood. Familial effects including genetic and environmental factors could explain the association, but no long-term follow-up studies have taken into account potential confounding by genetic and social family background. The present twin study investigated whether childhood motor skill development is associated with leisure-time physical activity levels in adulthood independent of family background.
Altogether, 1550 twin pairs from the FinnTwin12 study and 1752 twin pairs from the FinnTwin16 study were included in the analysis. Childhood motor development was assessed by the parents' report of whether one of the co-twins had been ahead of the other in different indicators of motor skill development in childhood. Leisure-time physical activity (MET·h·d) was self-reported by the twins in young adulthood and adulthood. Statistical analyses included conditional and ordinary linear regression models within twin pairs.
Using all activity-discordant twin pairs, the within-pair difference in a sum score of motor development in childhood predicted the within-pair difference in the leisure-time physical activity level in young adulthood (P < 0.001). Within specific motor development indicators, learning to stand unaided earlier in infancy predicted higher leisure-time MET values in young adulthood statistically significantly in both samples (FinnTwin12, P = 0.02; and FinnTwin16, P = 0.001) and also in the pooled data set of the FinnTwin12 and FinnTwin16 studies (P < 0.001). Having been more agile than the co-twin as a child predicted higher leisure-time MET values up to adulthood (P = 0.03).
More advanced childhood motor development is associated with higher leisure-time MET values in young adulthood at least partly independent of family background in both men and women.
先前的纵向研究表明，儿童期的运动能力可预测成年后的身体活动情况。包括遗传和环境因素在内的家族效应可能解释这种关联，但尚无长期随访研究考虑到遗传和社会家庭背景的潜在混杂因素。本双胞胎研究调查了儿童运动技能发展与成年后休闲时间身体活动水平之间的关联是否独立于家庭背景。
共有来自芬兰双胞胎12研究的1550对双胞胎和来自芬兰双胞胎16研究的1752对双胞胎纳入分析。儿童运动发育通过父母报告来评估，即双胞胎中的一方在儿童期运动技能发展的不同指标上是否领先于另一方。休闲时间身体活动（MET·h·d）由双胞胎在青年期和成年期自我报告。统计分析包括双胞胎对内的条件和普通线性回归模型。
使用所有活动不一致的双胞胎对，儿童期运动发育总分的对内差异预测了青年期休闲时间身体活动水平的对内差异（P < 0.001）。在特定的运动发育指标中，在婴儿期更早学会独立站立在两个样本中（芬兰双胞胎12，P = 0.02；芬兰双胞胎16，P = 0.001）以及在芬兰双胞胎12和芬兰双胞胎16研究的合并数据集中（P < 0.001），均能显著预测青年期更高的休闲时间MET值。儿童期比双胞胎更敏捷可预测直至成年期更高的休闲时间MET值（P = 0.03）。
儿童期更先进的运动发育与青年期更高的休闲时间MET值相关，至少在一定程度上独立于男性和女性的家庭背景。
