Donley David A, Fournier Sara B, Reger Brian L, DeVallance Evan, Bonner Daniel E, Olfert I Mark, Frisbee Jefferson C, Chantler Paul D
Division of Exercise Physiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia;
Division of Exercise Physiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia; and.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2014 Jun 1;116(11):1396-404. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00151.2014. Epub 2014 Apr 17.
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with a threefold increase risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality partly due to increased arterial stiffening. We compared the effects of aerobic exercise training on arterial stiffening/mechanics in MetS subjects without overt CVD or type 2 diabetes. MetS and healthy control (Con) subjects underwent 8 wk of exercise training (ExT; 11 MetS and 11 Con) or remained inactive (11 MetS and 10 Con). The following measures were performed pre- and postintervention: radial pulse wave analysis (applanation tonometry) was used to measure augmentation pressure and index, central pressures, and an estimate of myocardial efficiency; arterial stiffness was assessed from carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity (cfPWV, applanation tonometry); carotid thickness was assessed from B-mode ultrasound; and peak aerobic capacity (gas exchange) was performed in the seated position. Plasma matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and CVD risk (Framingham risk score) were also assessed. cfPWV was reduced (P < 0.05) in MetS-ExT subjects (7.9 ± 0.6 to 7.2 ± 0.4 m/s) and Con-ExT (6.6 ± 1.8 to 5.6 ± 1.6 m/s). Exercise training reduced (P < 0.05) central systolic pressure (116 ± 5 to 110 ± 4 mmHg), augmentation pressure (9 ± 1 to 7 ± 1 mmHg), augmentation index (19 ± 3 to 15 ± 4%), and improved myocardial efficiency (155 ± 8 to 168 ± 9), but only in the MetS group. Aerobic capacity increased (P < 0.05) in MetS-ExT (16.6 ± 1.0 to 19.9 ± 1.0) and Con-ExT subjects (23.8 ± 1.6 to 26.3 ± 1.6). MMP-1 and -7 were correlated with cfPWV, and both MMP-1 and -7 were reduced post-ExT in MetS subjects. These findings suggest that some of the pathophysiological changes associated with MetS can be improved after aerobic exercise training, thereby lowering their cardiovascular risk.
代谢综合征（MetS）与心血管疾病（CVD）死亡率增加两倍相关，部分原因是动脉僵硬度增加。我们比较了有氧运动训练对无明显CVD或2型糖尿病的MetS受试者动脉僵硬度/力学的影响。MetS组和健康对照组（Con）受试者进行了8周的运动训练（ExT；11名MetS受试者和11名Con受试者）或保持不运动状态（11名MetS受试者和10名Con受试者）。在干预前后进行了以下测量：使用桡动脉脉搏波分析（压平式眼压计）测量增强压和指数、中心压力以及心肌效率的估计值；通过颈股脉搏波速度（cfPWV，压平式眼压计）评估动脉僵硬度；通过B型超声评估颈动脉厚度；并在坐位进行峰值有氧运动能力（气体交换）测量。还评估了血浆基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）和CVD风险（弗雷明汉风险评分）。MetS-ExT组受试者（从7.9±0.6降至7.2±0.4 m/s）和Con-ExT组受试者（从6.6±1.8降至5.6±1.6 m/s）的cfPWV降低（P<0.05）。运动训练降低了（P<0.05）中心收缩压（从116±5降至110±4 mmHg）、增强压（从9±1降至7±1 mmHg）、增强指数（从19±3降至15±4%），并改善了心肌效率（从155±8升至168±9），但仅在MetS组中。MetS-ExT组受试者（从16.6±1.0升至19.9±1.0）和Con-ExT组受试者（从23.8±1.6升至26.3±1.6）的有氧运动能力增加（P<0.05）。MMP-1和-7与cfPWV相关，并且在MetS受试者中ExT后MMP-1和-7均降低。这些发现表明，与MetS相关的一些病理生理变化在有氧运动训练后可以得到改善，从而降低其心血管风险。
