Department of Swimming, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland.
Department of Physiology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland.
Biol Sport. 2013 Sep;30(3):213-7. doi: 10.5604/20831862.1059303. Epub 2013 Jul 22.
Short duration repeated maximal efforts are often used in swimming training to improve lactate tolerance, which gives swimmers the ability to maintain a high work rate for a longer period of time. The aim of the study was to examine the kinematics of swimming and its relation to the changes in blood acid-base status and potassium level. Seven collegiate swimmers, with at least 6 years of training experience, volunteered to participate in the study. The test consisted of 8 x 25 m front crawl performed with maximum effort. The rest period between repetitions was set to five seconds. Blood samples were taken from the fingertip at rest, after warm-up and in the 3rd minute after completion of the test. The swimming was recorded with a video recorder, for later analysis of time, velocity and technique (stroke index). Based on the swimming velocity results, the obtained curve can be divided into rapid decrease of velocity and relatively stable velocities. The breaking point of repetition in swimming velocity was assumed as the swimming velocity threshold and it was highly correlated with the decrease of the blood acid-base status (pH r=0.82, BE r=0.87, HCO3 (-) r=0.76; p<0.05 in all cases). There was no correlation between stroke index or fatigue index and blood acid-base status. Analysis of the swimming speed in the 8 x 25 m test seems to be helpful in evaluation of lactate tolerance (anaerobic capacity) in collegiate swimmers.
短时间重复的最大努力通常用于游泳训练中，以提高乳酸耐受能力，使游泳者能够更长时间地保持高工作率。本研究的目的是检查游泳的运动学及其与血液酸碱状态和钾水平变化的关系。7 名具有至少 6 年训练经验的大学生游泳运动员自愿参加了这项研究。测试包括 8 次 25 米自由泳，以最大努力进行。每次重复之间的休息时间设定为 5 秒。在休息时、热身后和测试完成后的第 3 分钟从指尖采集血液样本。游泳过程用摄像机记录，以便以后分析时间、速度和技术（划水指数）。根据游泳速度结果，获得的曲线可以分为速度的快速下降和相对稳定的速度。游泳速度重复的转折点被假定为游泳速度阈值，它与血液酸碱状态的下降高度相关（pH r=0.82，BE r=0.87，HCO3 (-) r=0.76；在所有情况下 p<0.05）。划水指数或疲劳指数与血液酸碱状态之间没有相关性。对 8x25 米测试中的游泳速度进行分析似乎有助于评估大学生游泳运动员的乳酸耐受能力（无氧能力）。
