Wang Shuxin, Zhao Yixiao, Chen Xiaotong, Shen Yupeng
School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
College of Physical Education and Health, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
J Hum Kinet. 2024 Dec 6;95:17-27. doi: 10.5114/jhk/189796. eCollection 2025 Jan.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of augmenting the foot area (by wearing fins) on the load-velocity relationship of the underwater dolphin kick (UDK) and to investigate the optimal loading zone of resistance training for the UDK. Seventeen swimmers underwent a semi-tethered swimming test and a 15-m maximum swim velocity test, both with and without fins (FINS and WF, respectively). The study revealed that the UDK's load-velocity relationship, when using semi-tethered swimming, displayed a robust linear correlation (R = 0.88 ± 0.15). The FINS condition enhanced the optimization of the load-velocity relationship, resulting in a substantial rightward shift (R, AIC, BIC optimized by 15%-65%) and elevating the UDK velocity by 10%-22% across seven load levels. The effective load level rose from 57 N to 69 N (R = 0.70-0.85, p < 0.05); however, the FINS condition altered the original UDK technique, leading to a 7% decrease in the stroke rate (SR) and a 19% increase in stroke length (SL). Consequently, wearing fins modified the load-velocity relationship of the UDK and augmented the power output level. We recommend that athletes use semi-traction swimming to improve UDK performance with a maximum load of no more than 57 N or a velocity of no less than 73% of maximum velocity; wearing fins allows this range to be extended to 69 N and 71% of maximum velocity.
本研究的目的是评估增大足部面积（通过佩戴脚蹼）对水下蝶泳腿（UDK）负荷-速度关系的影响，并探究UDK阻力训练的最佳负荷区间。17名游泳运动员分别在佩戴脚蹼（FINS）和不佩戴脚蹼（WF）的情况下进行了半 tethered 游泳测试和15米最大游泳速度测试。研究表明，在使用半 tethered 游泳时，UDK的负荷-速度关系呈现出较强的线性相关性（R = 0.88 ± 0.15）。FINS条件增强了负荷-速度关系的优化，导致大幅向右偏移（R、AIC、BIC优化了15%-65%），并使UDK速度在七个负荷水平上提高了10%-22%。有效负荷水平从57 N上升到69 N（R = 0.70-0.85，p < 0.05）；然而，FINS条件改变了原有的UDK技术，导致划频（SR）降低7%，划幅（SL）增加19%。因此，佩戴脚蹼改变了UDK的负荷-速度关系并提高了功率输出水平。我们建议运动员使用半牵引游泳来提高UDK成绩，最大负荷不超过57 N或速度不低于最大速度的73%；佩戴脚蹼可将此范围扩展到69 N和最大速度的71%。
