Speakman Mark J, Cheng Xi
Department of Urology, Musgrove Park Hospital, Taunton, Somerset TA1 5DA UK.
Indian J Urol. 2014 Apr;30(2):208-13. doi: 10.4103/0970-1591.127856.
Most men will develop histological BPH if they live long enough. Approximately, half will develop benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) and about half of these will get BOO with high bladder pressures and low flow, this in turn leads to detrusor wall hypertrophy. Many of these men will only have lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) but a significant number will also suffer the other complications of BPH. These include urinary retention (acute and chronic), haematuria, urinary tract infection, bladder stones, bladder wall damage, renal dysfunction, incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Recognition of the complications of BPH/BOO early allows more effective management of these complications. This is particularly important for the more serious urinary infections and also for high-pressure chronic retention (HPCR). Complications of LUTS/BPH are very rare in clinical trials because of their strict inclusion and exclusion criteria but are more common in real life practice.
大多数男性如果活得足够长，都会发展为组织学良性前列腺增生。大约一半的人会出现良性前列腺增生（BPE），其中约一半会因膀胱压力高和尿流率低而出现膀胱出口梗阻（BOO），这进而导致逼尿肌壁肥厚。这些男性中许多人只会有下尿路症状（LUTS），但相当一部分人也会遭受良性前列腺增生的其他并发症。这些并发症包括尿潴留（急性和慢性）、血尿、尿路感染、膀胱结石、膀胱壁损伤、肾功能障碍、尿失禁和勃起功能障碍。早期识别良性前列腺增生/膀胱出口梗阻的并发症有助于更有效地管理这些并发症。这对于更严重的泌尿系统感染以及高压慢性尿潴留（HPCR）尤为重要。由于临床试验严格的纳入和排除标准，下尿路症状/良性前列腺增生的并发症在临床试验中非常罕见，但在现实生活中更为常见。
