Mathias Patricia I, B'Hymer Clayton
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Applied Science and Technology, Biomonitoring and Health Assessment Branch, Robert A. Taft Laboratories, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, United States.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Applied Science and Technology, Biomonitoring and Health Assessment Branch, Robert A. Taft Laboratories, 4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45226, United States.
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2014 Aug 1;964:136-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.057. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
High-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) is sensitive and specific for targeted quantitative analysis and is readily utilized for small molecules from biological matrices. This brief review describes recent selected HPLC/MS methods for the determination of urinary mercapturic acids (mercapturates) which are useful as biomarkers in characterizing human exposure to electrophilic industrial chemicals in occupational and environmental studies. Electrophilic compounds owing to their reactivity are used in chemical and industrial processes. They are present in industrial emissions, are combustion products of fossil fuels, and are components in tobacco smoke. Their presence in both the industrial and general environments are of concern for human and environmental health. Urinary mercapturates which are the products of metabolic detoxification of reactive chemicals provide a non-invasive tool to investigate human exposure to electrophilic toxicants. Selected recent mercapturate quantification methods are summarized and specific cases are presented. The biological formation of mercapturates is introduced and their use as biomarkers of metabolic processing of electrophilic compounds is discussed. Also, the use of liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry in simultaneous determinations of the mercapturates of multiple parent compounds in a single determination is considered, as well as future trends and limitations in this area of research.
高效液相色谱/质谱联用技术（HPLC/MS）对于靶向定量分析灵敏且具有特异性，易于用于分析生物基质中的小分子。本简要综述介绍了近期用于测定尿中硫醚氨酸（硫醚氨酸盐）的HPLC/MS方法，这些方法在职业和环境研究中作为表征人类接触亲电工业化学品的生物标志物很有用。亲电化合物因其反应活性而用于化学和工业过程。它们存在于工业排放物中，是化石燃料的燃烧产物，也是烟草烟雾的成分。它们在工业环境和一般环境中的存在对人类和环境健康都构成了威胁。尿中硫醚氨酸盐作为活性化学物质代谢解毒的产物，为研究人类接触亲电毒物提供了一种非侵入性工具。总结了近期选定的硫醚氨酸盐定量方法并列举了具体案例。介绍了硫醚氨酸盐的生物形成过程，并讨论了它们作为亲电化合物代谢过程生物标志物的用途。此外，还考虑了液相色谱/串联质谱联用技术在一次测定中同时测定多种母体化合物的硫醚氨酸盐的应用，以及该研究领域的未来趋势和局限性。
