Janczyk Markus, Pfister Roland, Hommel Bernhard, Kunde Wilfried
University of Würzburg, Department of Psychology III, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
University of Würzburg, Department of Psychology III, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
Cognition. 2014 Jul;132(1):30-43. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2014.03.001. Epub 2014 Apr 18.
Responses in the second of two subsequently performed tasks can speed up compatible responses in the temporally preceding first task. Such backward crosstalk effects (BCEs) represent a challenge to the assumption of serial processing in stage models of human information processing, because they indicate that certain features of the second response have to be represented before the first response is emitted. Which of these features are actually relevant for BCEs is an open question, even though identifying these features is important for understanding the nature of parallel and serial response selection processes in dual-task performance. Motivated by effect-based models of action control, we show in three experiments that the BCE to a considerable degree reflects features of intended action effects, although features of the response proper (or response-associated kinesthetic feedback) also seem to play a role. These findings suggest that the codes of action effects (or action goals) can become activated simultaneously rather than serially, thereby creating BCEs.
在随后执行的两项任务中的第二项任务中的反应，可以加快在时间上先于它的第一项任务中的兼容反应。这种反向串扰效应（BCEs）对人类信息处理阶段模型中串行处理的假设提出了挑战，因为它们表明第二项反应的某些特征必须在第一项反应发出之前就被表征出来。尽管确定这些特征对于理解双任务表现中并行和串行反应选择过程的本质很重要，但这些特征中哪些实际上与BCEs相关仍是一个悬而未决的问题。受基于效应的动作控制模型的启发，我们在三个实验中表明，BCE在很大程度上反映了预期动作效应的特征，尽管反应本身的特征（或与反应相关的动觉反馈）似乎也起了作用。这些发现表明，动作效应（或动作目标）的编码可以同时而非串行地被激活，从而产生BCEs。
