Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China, Gastrointestinal Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA and Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf). 2014 Feb;2(1):16-20. doi: 10.1093/gastro/got039. Epub 2014 Jan 13.
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide and arises secondary to the progressive accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in normal colon cells, which results in a polyp-to-cancer progression sequence. It is known that individuals with a personal history of colon adenomas or cancer are at increased risk for metachronous colon neoplasms. One explanation for this increased risk could be field cancerization, which is a phenomenon in which the histologically normal tissue in an organ is primed to undergo transformation. Epigenetic alterations appear to be promising markers for field cancerization. In this review, we discuss field cancerization in the colon and the data supporting the use of methylated DNA as a biomarker for this phenomenon.
结直肠癌是全球第三大常见癌症，是正常结肠细胞中遗传和表观遗传改变逐渐积累的结果，导致息肉到癌症的进展序列。已知有结肠腺瘤或癌症个人病史的个体发生结肠腺瘤的风险增加。这种风险增加的一个解释可能是“ 场癌变”，这是一种器官中组织学正常的组织被预先转化的现象。表观遗传改变似乎是场癌变的有希望的标志物。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了结直肠的场癌变以及支持使用甲基化 DNA 作为该现象的生物标志物的数据。
