Kobayashi S, Furness J B, Smith T K, Pompolo S
Department of Anatomy, Yamanashi Medical College, Japan.
Arch Histol Cytol. 1989 Jul;52(3):267-86. doi: 10.1679/aohc.52.267.
In order to clarify the contraversial structure that Cajal (1889, 1893, 1911) called "interstitial cells" in the intestine, we have compared the descriptions by Cajal with our recent findings. Cajal defined three groups of interstitial cells in the intestine: those in the mucosa, the deep muscular plexus, and the myenteric plexus. In the deep muscular plexus, he described cells with small perikarya and long, branching processes. Neither glial cells nor ZIO positive fibroblast-like cells, the only cell types seen in the numbers and location necessary to support Cajal's observations, conformed with the morphology he described. Cajal might have described a composite cell, or chimera, the cell body being that of a glial (or perhaps a fibroblast-like) cell and the processes being simultaneously stained neurites that ran in close association with the cell. In the myenteric plexus, staining with S-100 protein for glial cells and ZIO for fibroblast-like cells reveal cells between the external muscle layers. Cells stained with S-100 protein resemble the drawings and also his description of the interstitial cells, although these cells appear to be less frequent than Cajal's drawings indicate. There are numerous glial cells in the ganglia and primary strands of the plexus which were not included in Cajal's publications. Conversely, the fibroblast-like cells are incidentally associated with nerve fibers. Although they lie in the same plane, the fibroblast-like cells form a pattern distinct from that of the nerve fibers of the tertiary component of the myenteric plexus. These cells occur in the distribution and numbers of the interstitial cells described by Cajal. They are stained by ZIO and also immunoreactive for gamma-aminobutyric acid. They can be identified by scanning electron microscopy. In the mucosa, Golgi staining reveals a pattern of nerve fiber bundles that is indistinguishable from Cajal's drawings. Glial cell bodies frequently occur at the intersections of these bundles and appear as cell nuclei surrounded by a cytoplasm which is actually the stained nerve fiber bundles. What Cajal depicted as interstitial cells were composite structures consisting of glial cells and contiguous nerve fiber bundles. We conclude that the structures which Cajal called interstitial cells in the intestine do not originate from one cell type. Nevertheless, two groups of fibroblast-like cells, those lying parallel and close to the nerve strands of the deep muscular plexus and those of the myenteric plexus, can be recognized by ZIO staining and scanning electron microscopy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
为了阐明卡哈尔（1889年、1893年、1911年）在肠道中所称的“间质细胞”这一颇具争议的结构，我们将卡哈尔的描述与我们最近的研究结果进行了比较。卡哈尔定义了肠道中的三组间质细胞：黏膜中的、深肌丛中的和肌间神经丛中的。在深肌丛中，他描述了胞体小且有长分支突起的细胞。神经胶质细胞和ZIO阳性成纤维细胞样细胞，这是仅有的在数量和位置上能支持卡哈尔观察结果的细胞类型，但均不符合他所描述的形态。卡哈尔可能描述的是一种复合细胞，或嵌合体，其细胞体是神经胶质（或可能是成纤维细胞样）细胞的，而突起是与之紧密相连并同时被染色的神经突。在肌间神经丛中，用S - 100蛋白对神经胶质细胞染色以及用ZIO对成纤维细胞样细胞染色，可显示出在外肌层之间的细胞。用S - 100蛋白染色的细胞与绘图以及他对间质细胞的描述相似，尽管这些细胞似乎比卡哈尔绘图中显示的要少见。在神经节和神经丛的初级束中有大量神经胶质细胞，而卡哈尔的出版物中未涉及这些。相反，成纤维细胞样细胞与神经纤维偶然相关。尽管它们位于同一平面，但成纤维细胞样细胞形成的模式与肌间神经丛第三成分的神经纤维不同。这些细胞在分布和数量上与卡哈尔描述的间质细胞一致。它们被ZIO染色，并且对γ-氨基丁酸有免疫反应性。通过扫描电子显微镜可以识别它们。在黏膜中，高尔基染色显示出与卡哈尔绘图难以区分的神经纤维束模式。神经胶质细胞体经常出现在这些束的交叉处，呈现为被细胞质包围的细胞核，而这些细胞质实际上是被染色的神经纤维束。卡哈尔所描绘的间质细胞是由神经胶质细胞和相邻神经纤维束组成的复合结构。我们得出结论，卡哈尔在肠道中所称的间质细胞并非源自一种细胞类型。然而，两组成纤维细胞样细胞，即那些平行且靠近深肌丛神经束的和成肌间神经丛的，可以通过ZIO染色和扫描电子显微镜识别出来。（摘要截选至400字）
