Chole R A, Kodama K
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Davis.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1989 Oct;98(10):761-6. doi: 10.1177/000348948909801002.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether anatomic differences in the tympanic membranes of various species could explain differences in the propensity to form aural cholesteatomas and retraction pockets. Tympanic membranes from humans, dogs, cats, rabbits, guinea pigs, rats, gerbils, and mice were examined histologically. The pars flaccida and pars tensa varied greatly among the species studied. The guinea pig's pars flaccida was very small and had a thin lamina propria. In contrast, the lamina propria of the rabbit and cat pars flaccida were thick. The amount of collagen, elastin, mast cells, and macrophages varied widely. The human and gerbilline tympanic membranes were anatomically dissimilar; for example, the human pars flaccida and pars tensa contained more and denser collagen than did those of the gerbil. The presence of macrophages or mast cells did not correlate with the propensity to develop cholesteatomas. Therefore, anatomic differences among these species do not explain why some develop aural cholesteatomas and others do not.
本研究的目的是确定不同物种鼓膜的解剖差异是否可以解释形成中耳胆脂瘤和内陷袋倾向的差异。对来自人类、狗、猫、兔子、豚鼠、大鼠、沙鼠和小鼠的鼓膜进行了组织学检查。在研究的物种中，松弛部和紧张部差异很大。豚鼠的松弛部非常小，固有层很薄。相比之下，兔子和猫松弛部的固有层较厚。胶原蛋白、弹性蛋白、肥大细胞和巨噬细胞的数量差异很大。人类和沙鼠的鼓膜在解剖学上不同；例如，人类的松弛部和紧张部比沙鼠含有更多且更密集的胶原蛋白。巨噬细胞或肥大细胞的存在与发生胆脂瘤的倾向无关。因此，这些物种之间的解剖差异并不能解释为什么有些会发生中耳胆脂瘤而有些不会。
