Grienke Ulrike, Zöll Margit, Peintner Ursula, Rollinger Judith M
Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2014 Jul 3;154(3):564-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.04.030. Epub 2014 Apr 28.
In particular five polypore species, i.e. Laetiporus sulphureus, Fomes fomentarius, Fomitopsis pinicola, Piptoporus betulinus, and Laricifomes officinalis, have been widely used in central European folk medicines for the treatment of various diseases, e.g. dysmenorrhoea, haemorrhoids, bladder disorders, pyretic diseases, treatment of coughs, cancer, and rheumatism. Prehistoric artefacts going back to over 5000 years underline the long tradition of using polypores for various applications ranging from food or tinder material to medicinal-spiritual uses as witnessed by two polypore species found among items of Ötzi, the Iceman. The present paper reviews the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and biological activity of the five mentioned polypores.
All available information on the selected polypore taxa used in traditional folk medicine was collected through evaluation of literature in libraries and searches in online databases using SciFinder and Web of Knowledge.
Mycochemical studies report the presence of many primary (e.g. polysaccharides) and secondary metabolites (e.g. triterpenes). Crude extracts and isolated compounds show a wide spectrum of biological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities.
The investigated polypores possess a longstanding ethnomycological tradition in Europe. Here, we compile biological results which highlight their therapeutic value. Moreover, this work provides a solid base for further investigations on a molecular level, both compound- and target-wise.
特别是五种多孔菌物种，即硫黄多孔菌、药用层孔菌、松木层孔菌、桦剥管孔菌和淡黄木层孔菌，在中欧民间医学中被广泛用于治疗各种疾病，如痛经、痔疮、膀胱疾病、热病、咳嗽、癌症和风湿病。可追溯到5000多年前的史前文物突显了使用多孔菌的悠久传统，其应用范围从食物或引火材料到药用-精神用途，这在冰人奥茨的物品中发现的两种多孔菌物种中得到了证明。本文综述了上述五种多孔菌的传统用途、植物化学和生物活性。
通过评估图书馆文献以及使用SciFinder和Web of Knowledge在在线数据库中进行搜索，收集了传统民间医学中使用的选定多孔菌分类群的所有可用信息。
真菌化学研究报告了许多初级代谢产物（如多糖）和次级代谢产物（如三萜）的存在。粗提物和分离出的化合物显示出广泛的生物学特性，如抗炎、细胞毒性和抗菌活性。
所研究的多孔菌在欧洲有着悠久的民族真菌学传统。在此，我们汇总了突出其治疗价值的生物学结果。此外，这项工作为在分子水平上进一步开展化合物和靶点方面的研究提供了坚实的基础。
