Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
Department of Music, School of Linguistics and Cultural Studies, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
Occup Environ Med. 2014 Jul;71(7):472-6. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2014-102172. Epub 2014 Apr 30.
Hearing disorders have been associated with occupational exposure to music. Musicians may benefit from non-amplified and low-intensity music, but may also have high risks of music-induced hearing loss.
To compare the incidence of hearing loss (HL) and its subentities in professional musicians with that in the general population.
We performed a historical cohort study among insurants between 19 and 66 years who were employed subject to social insurance contributions. The study was conducted with data from three German statutory health insurance providers covering the years 2004-2008 with about 7 million insurants. Incidence rates with 95% CIs of HL and the subentities noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), conductive HL, sensorineural HL, conductive and sensorineural HL, as well as tinnitus were estimated stratified by age, sex and federal state. A Cox regression analysis was conducted to estimate adjusted HRs and two-sided 95% CIs for HL and its subentities.
More than 3 million insurants were eligible, of whom 2227 were identified as professional musicians (0.07%). During the 4-year observation period, 283,697 cases of HL were seen, 238 of them among professional musicians (0.08%), leading to an unadjusted incidence rate ratio of 1.27. The adjusted hazard ratio of musicians was 1.45 (95% CI 1.28 to 1.65) for HL and 3.61 (95% CI 1.81 to 7.20) for NIHL.
Professional musicians have a high risk of contracting hearing disorders. Use of already available prevention measures should reduce the incidence of HL in professional musicians.
听力障碍与职业性音乐接触有关。音乐家可能受益于非放大和低强度的音乐，但也可能有很高的音乐性听力损失风险。
比较职业音乐家与一般人群听力损失（HL）及其亚型的发生率。
我们对 19 至 66 岁受社会保险缴费约束的参保者进行了一项历史队列研究。该研究使用了来自三家德国法定健康保险公司的数据，涵盖了 2004-2008 年约 700 万参保者。根据年龄、性别和联邦州，估计了 HL 及其亚型噪声性听力损失（NIHL）、传导性 HL、感音神经性 HL、传导性和感音神经性 HL 以及耳鸣的发生率及 95%可信区间。采用 Cox 回归分析估计 HL 及其亚型的调整后 HR 和双侧 95%可信区间。
超过 300 万参保者符合条件，其中 2227 人被确定为职业音乐家（0.07%）。在 4 年观察期内，共观察到 283697 例 HL，其中 238 例发生在职业音乐家中（0.08%），未经调整的发病率比为 1.27。调整后的音乐家 HL 风险比为 1.45（95%CI 1.28 至 1.65），NIHL 为 3.61（95%CI 1.81 至 7.20）。
职业音乐家患听力障碍的风险很高。使用现有的预防措施应能降低职业音乐家 HL 的发病率。
