Mednicoff Solena D, Barashy Sivan, Gonzales Destiny, Benning Stephen D, Snyder Joel S, Hannon Erin E
Department of Psychology, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States.
Front Neurosci. 2022 Sep 23;16:924806. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.924806. eCollection 2022.
Misophonia can be characterized both as a condition and as a negative affective experience. Misophonia is described as feeling irritation or disgust in response to hearing certain sounds, such as eating, drinking, gulping, and breathing. Although the earliest misophonic experiences are often described as occurring during childhood, relatively little is known about the developmental pathways that lead to individual variation in these experiences. This literature review discusses evidence of misophonic reactions during childhood and explores the possibility that early heightened sensitivities to both positive and negative sounds, such as to music, might indicate a vulnerability for misophonia and misophonic reactions. We will review when misophonia may develop, how it is distinguished from other auditory conditions (e.g., hyperacusis, phonophobia, or tinnitus), and how it relates to developmental disorders (e.g., autism spectrum disorder or Williams syndrome). Finally, we explore the possibility that children with heightened musicality could be more likely to experience misophonic reactions and develop misophonia.
恐音症既可以被看作是一种病症，也可以被视为一种负面情感体验。恐音症被描述为听到某些声音（如进食、饮水、吞咽和呼吸声）时会感到烦躁或厌恶。尽管最早的恐音体验通常被描述为发生在童年时期，但对于导致这些体验存在个体差异的发展路径，我们了解得相对较少。这篇文献综述讨论了童年时期恐音反应的证据，并探讨了早期对诸如音乐等正负声音的高度敏感可能表明存在恐音症及恐音反应易感性的可能性。我们将回顾恐音症可能在何时出现，它如何与其他听觉病症（如听觉过敏、恐声症或耳鸣）相区分，以及它与发育障碍（如自闭症谱系障碍或威廉姆斯综合征）有何关联。最后，我们探讨了音乐天赋较高的儿童更有可能经历恐音反应并患上恐音症的可能性。
