Sage Andrew P, Mallat Ziad
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge , Cambridge , UK.
Ann Med. 2014 Aug;46(5):297-303. doi: 10.3109/07853890.2014.900272. Epub 2014 May 9.
The development of atherosclerosis is the major etiological factor causing cardiovascular disease and constitutes a lipid-induced, chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease of the large arteries. A long-standing view of the protective role of B cells in atherosclerosis has been challenged by recent studies using B cell depletion in animal models. Whereas complete B cell deficiency increases atherosclerosis, depletion of B2 but not B1 cells reduces atherosclerosis. This has led to a re-evaluation of the multiple potential pathways by which B cells can regulate atherosclerosis, and the apparent opposing roles of B1 and B2 cells. B cells, in addition to having the unique ability to produce antibodies, are now recognized to play a number of important roles in the immune system, including cytokine production and direct regulation of T cell responses. This review summarizes current knowledge on B cell subsets and functions, and how these could distinctly influence atherosclerosis development.
动脉粥样硬化的发展是导致心血管疾病的主要病因，是一种由脂质诱导的、慢性炎症性和自身免疫性的大动脉疾病。长期以来，关于B细胞在动脉粥样硬化中起保护作用的观点受到了近期在动物模型中使用B细胞耗竭研究的挑战。虽然完全B细胞缺陷会加重动脉粥样硬化，但耗竭B2细胞而非B1细胞可减轻动脉粥样硬化。这导致人们重新评估B细胞调节动脉粥样硬化的多种潜在途径，以及B1和B2细胞明显相反的作用。B细胞除了具有产生抗体的独特能力外，现在还被认为在免疫系统中发挥许多重要作用，包括细胞因子产生和对T细胞反应的直接调节。本综述总结了关于B细胞亚群和功能的当前知识，以及它们如何明显影响动脉粥样硬化的发展。
