人格特质、方面与认知表现：它们关系中的年龄差异
Personality Traits, Facets and Cognitive Performance: Age Differences in Their Relations.
作者信息
Graham Eileen K, Lachman Margie E
机构信息
Brandeis University Northwestern University.
出版信息
Pers Individ Dif. 2014 Mar 1;59:89-95. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2013.11.011.
Abstract
Personality traits and cognitive performance are related, but little work has examined how these associations vary by personality facet or age. 154 adults aged 22 to 84 completed the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT) and the NEO Five Factor Personality Inventory. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed negative emotional aspects of personality (neuroticism, depression) were associated with lower reasoning, and social aspects of personality (assertiveness) were associated with faster reaction time, yet lower reasoning. The association between neuroticism and performance was found primarily among younger adults. In older adulthood, better performance was associated with positive emotional aspects of personality. We discuss how personality may have different associations with performance across age and the implications for possible interventions.
摘要
人格特质与认知表现相关，但很少有研究探讨这些关联如何因人格方面或年龄而异。154名年龄在22岁至84岁之间的成年人完成了电话成人认知简短测试（BTACT）和大五人格量表。分层多元回归分析表明，人格的负面情绪方面（神经质、抑郁）与较低的推理能力相关，人格的社交方面（自信）与较快的反应时间相关，但推理能力较低。神经质与表现之间的关联主要在年轻人中发现。在老年期，较好的表现与人格的积极情绪方面相关。我们讨论了人格如何在不同年龄与表现有不同的关联以及对可能干预措施的影响。
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