Alim Syahirul, Kawabata Masato, Nakazawa Minato
Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Japan; School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.
Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Japan.
Nurse Educ Today. 2015 Jan;35(1):25-31. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2014.04.016. Epub 2014 Apr 29.
Preparedness and preventive measures are needed to reduce the impact of disasters. Disaster preparedness training for nurses has a long history. However, the effectiveness of disaster preparedness training for nursing students has been limited, to some extent, since they have been based on self-evaluation.
The study attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of a disaster preparedness training program followed by a disaster drill designed for nursing students.
Participants were undergraduate students from Universitas Gadjah Mada and diploma students from four randomly chosen nursing colleges located in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. 309 students participated in the training program whereas 225 students participated in the disaster drill.
The present study conducted in-class training followed by a disaster drill and evaluated using 3 components: pre-test and post-test evaluation of knowledge (score range: 0-20), observation of skills during disaster drill (5-point Likert scale), and a structured one-to-one interview of participants' responses to the training and drill process.
Pre-test and post-test evaluation scores showed significant improvement (P<0.01, paired t-test) for both university and diploma students. Almost all observation items during the disaster drill were above 4.0 (on 5-point Likert scale). Interview results showed that most participants responded positively.
The present study completely evaluated the effectiveness of a disaster preparedness training and disaster drill: The training and drill improved the knowledge and ability of disaster preparedness for both undergraduate and diploma students.
需要做好准备和采取预防措施以减少灾害的影响。对护士进行灾难准备培训已有很长历史。然而，针对护理专业学生的灾难准备培训效果在一定程度上受到限制，因为这些培训基于自我评估。
本研究试图评估为护理专业学生设计的灾难准备培训课程以及随后的灾难演练的效果。
参与者为印度尼西亚日惹加查马达大学的本科生以及从四所随机选取的护理学院挑选的专科生。309名学生参加了培训课程，225名学生参加了灾难演练。
本研究先进行课堂培训，随后进行灾难演练，并使用三个部分进行评估：知识的课前和课后评估（分数范围：0 - 20）、灾难演练期间技能的观察（5级李克特量表）以及对参与者对培训和演练过程反应的结构化一对一访谈。
大学本科生和专科生的课前和课后评估分数均显示出显著提高（配对t检验，P < 0.01）。灾难演练期间几乎所有观察项目都高于4.0（5级李克特量表）。访谈结果表明大多数参与者反应积极。
本研究全面评估了灾难准备培训和灾难演练的效果：培训和演练提高了本科学生和专科学生的灾难准备知识和能力。
