[从事全身振动作业的个体农民的腰痛主诉]

[Complaints of low back pain among private farmers exposed to whole body vibration].

作者信息

Solecki Leszek

出版信息

Med Pr. 2014;65(1):55-64. doi: 10.13075/mp.5893.2014.002.

DOI:10.13075/mp.5893.2014.002

PMID:24834693

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Work-related lower back disorders, which involve the lumbo-sacral region, as well as injuries of the lumbar section of the spine, are a serious and constantly growing problem in Europe. Whole body vibration is one of the major hazardous factors suspected of the development of back pain.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The study covered a selected group of males, 98 farmers (aged 55.3 +/- 10.1) from the area of 7 communes in the Lublin Region, engaged in the mixed agricultural production (plant-animal). The control group consisted of 40 academic workers (university and research institute employees) aged 48.9 +/- 9.6 years. A questionnaire concerning low back pain (in the lumbar region) designed by the researchers of the Institute of Rural Health in Lublin was used as a major research tool. The degree of farmers' exposure to whole body vibration was evaluated based on the parameter known as a cumulative vibration dose (d) (years x m2 x s(-1)).

RESULTS

The measurements showed that the cumulative vibration dose for the selected group of farmers (98) remained within the range of 2.90-9.68 (years x m2 x s(-1)), in the time interval between 15-50 years of work in conditions of exposure to vibration. The survey confirmed that private farmers exposed to whole body vibration considerably more frequently complained of back pain (92 farmers, 94% of the total number of respondents), than academic workers (control group not exposed to whole body vibration (25 researchers, 63%); p < 0.0001. Also the frequency of back pain in all the three time intervals of employment (15-25, 26-35, 36-50 years) is significantly higher in the group of farmers than in the control group (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The frequency of back pains experienced by farmers during the entire period of occupational activity increases with a growing dose of whole body vibration (p = 0.005). In the incidence of chronic pain an upward tendency was observed (statistically insignificant).

摘要

背景

与工作相关的下背部疾病，包括腰骶部区域以及脊柱腰段的损伤，在欧洲是一个严重且不断加剧的问题。全身振动是被怀疑导致背痛的主要危险因素之一。

材料与方法

该研究涵盖了一组选定的男性，来自卢布林地区7个公社的98名农民（年龄55.3±10.1岁），从事农牧业混合生产。对照组由40名学术工作者（大学和研究所员工）组成，年龄48.9±9.6岁。由卢布林农村卫生研究所的研究人员设计的一份关于下背痛（腰部区域）的问卷被用作主要研究工具。基于称为累积振动剂量（d）（年×平方米×秒⁻¹）的参数评估农民接触全身振动的程度。

结果

测量结果表明，在接触振动的工作条件下工作15 - 50年的时间间隔内，选定的98名农民组的累积振动剂量保持在2.90 - 9.68（年×平方米×秒⁻¹）范围内。调查证实，接触全身振动的个体农民比学术工作者（未接触全身振动的对照组）更频繁地抱怨背痛（92名农民，占受访者总数的94%）（25名研究人员，63%；p < 0.0001）。在所有三个就业时间段（15 - 25年、26 - 35年、36 - 50年），农民组背痛的频率也显著高于对照组（p < 0.05）。