Department of Biological Physics, Eötvös University, Pázmány P. sétány 1A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Research Centre for Natural Sciences (MTA TTK MFA), H-1121, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary.
Nanobiosensorics Laboratory, Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Research Centre for Natural Sciences (MTA TTK MFA), H-1121, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary; Doctoral School of Molecular- and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Information Technology, University of Pannonia, H-8200 Egyetem u.10, Veszprém, Hungary.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2014 Sep;211:1-16. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2014.03.011. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
This paper gives an overview of the advantages and associated caveats of the most common sample handling methods in surface-sensitive chemical and biological sensing. We summarize the basic theoretical and practical considerations one faces when designing and assembling the fluidic part of the sensor devices. The influence of analyte size, the use of closed and flow-through cuvettes, the importance of flow rate, tubing length and diameter, bubble traps, pressure-driven pumping, cuvette dead volumes, and sample injection systems are all discussed. Typical application areas of particular arrangements are also highlighted, such as the monitoring of cellular adhesion, biomolecule adsorption-desorption and ligand-receptor affinity binding. Our work is a practical review in the sense that for every sample handling arrangement considered we present our own experimental data and critically review our experience with the given arrangement. In the experimental part we focus on sample handling in optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy (OWLS) measurements, but the present study is equally applicable for other biosensing technologies in which an analyte in solution is captured at a surface and its presence is monitored. Explicit attention is given to features that are expected to play an increasingly decisive role in determining the reliability of (bio)chemical sensing measurements, such as analyte transport to the sensor surface; the distorting influence of dead volumes in the fluidic system; and the appropriate sample handling of cell suspensions (e.g. their quasi-simultaneous deposition). At the appropriate places, biological aspects closely related to fluidics (e.g. cellular mechanotransduction, competitive adsorption, blood flow in veins) are also discussed, particularly with regard to their models used in biosensing.
本文概述了表面敏感化学和生物传感中最常见的样品处理方法的优点和相关注意事项。我们总结了在设计和组装传感器装置的流体部分时面临的基本理论和实际考虑因素。讨论了分析物尺寸、使用封闭和流通比色皿、流速、管道长度和直径、气泡陷阱、压力驱动泵、比色皿死体积和样品注入系统的影响。还突出了特定布置的典型应用领域，例如监测细胞黏附、生物分子吸附-解吸和配体-受体亲和力结合。我们的工作是一种实用的综述，因为对于考虑的每一种样品处理方案，我们都提出了自己的实验数据，并批判性地审查了我们在给定方案中的经验。在实验部分，我们专注于光波导光模光谱（OWLS）测量中的样品处理，但本研究同样适用于其他生物传感技术，其中溶液中的分析物在表面被捕获，并监测其存在。特别关注的是预计将在确定（生物）化学传感测量可靠性方面发挥越来越决定性作用的特征，例如分析物向传感器表面的传输；流体系统中死体积的干扰影响；以及细胞悬浮液的适当样品处理（例如它们的准同时沉积）。在适当的地方，还讨论了与流体密切相关的生物学方面（例如细胞力学转导、竞争吸附、静脉中的血流），特别是它们在生物传感中的模型。
