Papoutsou S, Briassoulis G, Wolters M, Peplies J, Iacoviello L, Eiben G, Veidebaum T, Molnar D, Russo P, Michels N, Moreno L A, Tornaritis M
Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Faculty of Medicine University of Crete, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Heraklion Crete, Greece.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Jul;68(7):829-34. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.88. Epub 2014 May 21.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Limited data exist regarding breakfast consumption and its association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. This study investigates the relationship between breakfast routine and CVD risk factors in a multinational sample.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Cross-sectional data from eight European countries participating in the IDEFICS (Identification and prevention of dietary- and lifestyle-induced health effects in children and infants) survey (2007-2008) were used. The sample included ;children 2 to <10 years of age (n=8863, 51.2% boys). The Mann-Whitney ;U-test and logistic regression were used to assess CVD risk factors ;among ;no breakfast (NBrH), occasional breakfast and daily breakfast at home (DBrH) consumption.
Male school-aged NBrH consumers, ;compared with ;DBrH consumers, ;were more likely to be overweight/obese (odds ratio (OR): 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.05-1.79), to have higher risk for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels lower than 40 mg/dl (OR: 1.69, 95% CI=1.24-2.30), triglycerides (TG) above 75 mg/dl (OR: 1.65, 95% CI=1.24-2.19) and sum of skinfolds greater than the 90th percentile (OR: 1.32, 95% CI=1.0-1.76). Female school-aged NBrH consumers ;compared with ;DBrH consumers ;had a higher risk for waist circumference greater than the 90th percentile (OR: 1.70, 95% CI=1.14-2.51), HDL cholesterol levels lower than 40 mg/dl (OR: 1.65, 95% CI=1.23-2.21), TG above 75 mg/dl (OR: 1.65, 95% CI=1.26-2.17) and total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio >3.5 (OR: 1.39, 95% CI=1.09-1.77). RESULTS remained significant after adjusting for daily physical activity in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) periods (in min/day). Male DBrH consumers, 6 to <10 years of age, had longer daily periods of MVPA compared with ;NBrH consumers ;(32.0±21.4 vs 27.5±18.8, P<0.05). For preschoolers, breakfast consumption was negatively associated with ;CVD risk factors but results of regression models were mostly insignificant.
Daily breakfast consumption contributes to controlling school-aged children's weight ;and lipid profile and promotes higher PA.
背景/目的：关于早餐摄入及其与心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素之间关联的数据有限。本研究在一个多国样本中调查早餐习惯与CVD风险因素之间的关系。
对象/方法：使用了来自参与IDEFICS（儿童和婴儿饮食及生活方式所致健康影响的识别与预防）调查（2007 - 2008年）的八个欧洲国家的横断面数据。样本包括2至<10岁的儿童（n = 8863，51.2%为男孩）。采用曼-惠特尼U检验和逻辑回归来评估不吃早餐（NBrH）、偶尔吃早餐和在家每天吃早餐（DBrH）人群中的CVD风险因素。
与在家每天吃早餐的人群相比，学龄期不吃早餐的男性更有可能超重/肥胖（优势比（OR）：1.37，95%置信区间（CI）=1.05 - 1.79），高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇水平低于40mg/dl的风险更高（OR：1.69，95%CI = 1.24 - 2.30），甘油三酯（TG）高于75mg/dl（OR：1.65, 95%CI = 1.24 - 2.19）以及皮褶厚度总和大于第90百分位数（OR：1.32, 95%CI = 1.0 - 1.76）。与在家每天吃早餐的人群相比，学龄期不吃早餐的女性腰围大于第90百分位数的风险更高（OR：1.70, 95%CI = 1.14 - 2.51），HDL胆固醇水平低于40mg/dl（OR：1.65, 95%CI = 1.23 - 2.21），TG高于75mg/dl（OR：1.65, 95%CI = 1.26 - 2.17）以及总胆固醇/HDL胆固醇比值>3.5（OR：1.39, 95%CI = 1.09 - 1.77）。在对中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）时间段（以分钟/天为单位）的日常身体活动进行调整后，结果仍然显著。6至<10岁在家每天吃早餐的男性与不吃早餐的男性相比，每天MVPA的时间更长（32.0±21.4对27.5±18.8，P<0.05）。对于学龄前儿童，早餐摄入与CVD风险因素呈负相关，但回归模型结果大多不显著。
每天吃早餐有助于控制学龄儿童的体重和血脂水平，并促进更高的身体活动水平。
