Francescone Ralph, Hou Vivianty, Grivennikov Sergei I
From the Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA.
Cancer J. 2014 May-Jun;20(3):181-9. doi: 10.1097/PPO.0000000000000048.
Inflammation has long been suspected to play a major role in the pathogenesis of cancer. Only recently, however, have some mechanisms of its tumor promoting effects become known. Microbes, both commensal and pathogenic, are critical regulators of the host immune system and, ultimately, of inflammation. Consequently, microbes have the potential power to influence tumor progression as well, through a wide variety of routes, including chronic activation of inflammation, alteration of tumor microenvironment, induction of genotoxic responses, and metabolism. In this review, we will provide a general overview of commensal microbiota, inflammation, and cancer, as well as how microbes fit into this emerging field.
长期以来，人们一直怀疑炎症在癌症发病机制中起主要作用。然而，直到最近，其一些促进肿瘤作用的机制才为人所知。微生物，包括共生菌和致病菌，是宿主免疫系统以及最终炎症的关键调节因子。因此，微生物也有可能通过多种途径影响肿瘤进展，这些途径包括炎症的慢性激活、肿瘤微环境的改变、基因毒性反应的诱导以及代谢。在这篇综述中，我们将概述共生微生物群、炎症和癌症，以及微生物如何融入这个新兴领域。
